Fulcrum Perspectives
An interactive blog sharing the Fulcrum team's policy updates and analysis.
U.S. Financial Regulatory Week Ahead
The Regulatory Confirmation Process Begins, the End of OCC/FDIC Merger Talk, Barr’s Regulatory Swan Song Speech DOGE Continues Its Review As Federal Workers Have to Respond to Musk Email
February 24 - 28, 2025
The new class of federal regulatory nominees begins the confirmation process this week as Jonathan McKernan, the nominee to run the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), and Bill Pulte, the nominee to run the Federal Housing Finance Agency, stand before the Senate Banking Committee. It is not clear yet when SEC Chair nominee Paul Atkins, CFTC Chair nominee Brian Quintenz, or Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) nominee Jonathan Gould will get his confirmation hearing, but rumor is that they will take place in the coming three weeks.
Also, on Capitol Hill this week, there are several hearings of note happening. The House Financial Services Committee will be holding two hearings, one entitled “The Future of American Capital: Strengthening Public and Private Markets by Increasing Investor Access and Facilitating Capital Formation.” The second hearing will take a broad review of finance and China.
Among regulators, Federal Reserve Board Vice Chair for Supervision Michael Barr will be giving his final speech as Vice Chair. He will be at the Yale School of Management and speaking on financial stability.
Meanwhile, after several months of speculation about a possible effort to merge the OCC and the FDIC was put to rest this past week. The OCC this past week denied plans to put the two agencies together (something the Heritage Foundation’s Project 2025 had urged). The response was issued after reports of the OCC planning to receive transferred or fired FDIC workers coming over the agency.
Meanwhile, the Elon Musk DOGE effort continues apace with regulators as well as larger departments (particularly the Department of Defense) coming under intensified scrutiny (there were reports late last week that Defense could see tens of thousands of civilian employees let go). While all this is going on, an email was sent to all federal employees from DOGE demanding federal workers describe by Monday what they do and justify their work. A number of federal agencies, in response to the email, told workers to ignore the email, leaving many workers confused as to what would happen if they indeed ignored the email.
Below is what else we are watching in the Washington financial regulatory world this coming week:
U.S. Congressional Hearings
U.S. Senate
· Wednesday, February 26, 2:30 p.m. – The Senate Banking Committee will hold a hearing entitled “Exploring Bipartisan Legislative Frameworks for Digital Assets.”
· Wednesday, February 26, 10:30 a.m. – The Senate Agriculture Committee will hold a hearing entitled “Perspectives from the Field: Farmer and Rancher Views on the Agricultural Economy, Part 2”
· Thursday, February 27, 10:00 a.m. – The Senate Banking Committee will hold confirmation hearings for Stephen Miran to be Chair of the Council of Economic Advisors, Jeffrey Kessler to be Undersecretary of Commerce for Industry and Security, and Jonathan McKernan to be Director of the Bureau of Consumer and Financial Protection.
House of Representatives
· Tuesday, February 25, 10:00 a.m. – The House Financial Services Committee will hold a hearing entitled “Examining Policies to Counter China.” You can read the background Committee memo to members HERE. The committee will also consider seventeen separate bills focused on issues ranging from money laundering to SEC regulations for te World Bank to the African Development Fund.
· Tuesday, February 25, 10:00 a.m. – The Trade Subcommittee of the House Ways & Means Committee will hold a hearing entitled “American Trade Enforcement Priorities”
· Wednesday, February 26, 10:00 a.m. – The Capital Markets Subcommittee of the House Financial Services Committee will hold a hearing entitled “The Future of American Capital: Strengthening Public and Private Markets by Increasing Investor Access and Facilitating Capital Formation.”
Federal Department & Regulatory Agency Meetings & Events
Federal Reserve Board and Federal Reserve Banks
· Tuesday, February 25, 11:45 a.m. – Federal Reserve Board Vice Chair for Supervision Michael S. Barr will give a speech on Financial Stability followed by Q&A at the Yale School of Management in New Haven, Connecticut.
· Thursday, February 27, 11:45 a.m. – Federal Reserve Board Governor Michelle W. Bowman will give a speech on community banking at the Fort Hays State University Robbins Banking Institute Lecture Series, Hays, Kansas.
U.S. Treasury Department
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Department of Commerce
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Department of Housing and Urban Development
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Securities and Exchange Commission
· Monday, February 24, 8:45 a.m. – The Florida Bar’s Federal Securities Institute and M&A Conference will be held in Tampa, Florida. Acting SEC Chair Mark Uyeda will speak.
· Tuesday, February 25, 10:00 a.m. – The SEC’s Small Business and Capital Formation Advisory Committee will meet. They will hear from two speakers – Ashok Kamal, Executive Director, NuFund Venture Group, and Sara Zulkosky, Co-Founder & Managing Partner, Recast Capital, on “Exploring Ways to Support and Facilitate Capital Formation for Emerging Fund Managers.” The Committee will hold a second session entitled “Understanding the Challenges Faced by Small Public Companies Not Listed on a National Securities Exchange.”
· Wednesday, February 26, 10:00 a.m. – The SEC will hold an Open Meeting to consider the “Final Rule Extending Compliance Dates and Order Granting Temporary Exemptive Relief for Standards for Covered Clearing Agencies for U.S. Treasury Securities and Application of the Broker-Dealer Customer Protection Rule with Respect to U.S. Treasury Securities.”
· Thursday, February 27, 2:00 p.m. – The SEC will hold a Closed Meeting.
Commodities Futures Trading Commission
· Tuesday, February 25, 11:40 a.m. (Germany) – CFTC Acting Chair Caroline D. Pham will participate in a fireside chat at the Sixth Joint Conference on CCP Risk Management 2025 in Frankfurt, Germany.
· Wednesday, February 26, 10:20 a.m. (Germany) – Acting Chairman Caroline D. Pham will be featured on a fireside chat titled, “Transatlantic Trends – The U.S. Election and Its Impact on Europe” at the Derivatives Forum Frankfurt 2025.
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
National Credit Union Administration
· Thursday, February 27, 10:00 a.m. – The National Credit Union Administration will hold a board meeting. The agenda includes Board Briefing, Share Insurance Fund Quarterly Report and the NCUA Board Vice Chairman Designation.
FINRA
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Federal Housing Finance Agency
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Federal Trade Commission & Department of Justice Antitrust Division
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Farm Credit Administration
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Farm Credit Insurance Corporation
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Small Business Administration
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
International Monetary Fund & World Bank
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
North American Securities Administrators Association
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Trade Associations & Think Tank Events
Trade Associations
· Monday – Wednesday, February 24 -26 -- The American Bankers Association holds its Wealth Management and Trust Conference in San Diego, California.
Think Tanks and Other Events
· Tuesday, February 25, 7:15 a.m. – The Economic Club of Washington, D.C. holds a discussion with Bank of America CEO Brian Moynihan on "the current state of the economy, markets, the health of the U.S. consumer, and the global economic outlook for 2025."
· Tuesday & Wednesday, February 25 & 16 – The American Conference Institute, the Canadian Institute, and C5 hold a forum on "Global Export Controls” in Arlington, Virginia. John Sonderman, director of the Commerce Department Bureau of Industry and Security's Office of Export Enforcement and Paul Ahern, chief counselor for enforcement at the Treasury Department's Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence, will be keynote speakers.
· Wednesday, February 26, 9:00 a.m. – The Peterson Institute for International Economics will hold a virtual event entitled “The Trump Administration’s policies and global financial risk.”
Thursday, February 27, 11:00 a.m. – The Bipartisan Policy Institute is holding a hybrid event entitled “Searching for Solutions: Property Insurance and Housing Affordability.”
The Global Week Ahead
Ukraine Peace Efforts Intensify as the 3rd Anniversary of Russia’s Invasion is Marked, Germany Holds Elections, and G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bankers Meet in South Africa
February 23 - March 1, 2025
Monday marks the 3rd anniversary of Russia's invasion of Ukraine. In the shadow of this sad milestone, President Trump is continuing his rapid move to force peace talks between Russia and Ukraine, which are spurring multiple events this coming week.
First, French President Emmanual Macron will travel to Washington on Monday for meetings with President Trump on the situation. Later in the week, UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer will travel to Washington for talks, too. The talks will include talks regarding Trump's threat to place tough new tariffs on Europe. We would note that Polish President Andrzej Duda met with President Trump yesterday (Saturday) in Washington to discuss Ukraine and US-Polish security arrangements and cooperation.
In Europe, EU foreign affairs ministers will meet to discuss the current state of peace efforts and the situations in Gaza, Lebanon, and Syria. Israeli Foreign Minister Gideon Ada will attend those meetings.
Meanwhile, results from Germany's elections are coming in today (Sunday). As expected, the Christian Democratic Union/Christian Social Union (CDU/CSU) coalition led by Fredrik Mertz looks to have won the elections with 29 percent of the vote. But in a historic first, the fa-right AfD Party came in second with more than 20 percent of the vote. The CDU/CSU will likely have to form a coalition with either the Social Democratic Party (SPD), Green Party, or libertarian Free Democratic Party (if they reach the threshold of 5 percent required to be seated in the parliament – they are currently coming at 4.7 percent in exit polls) to form a ruling government. Merz has said he will refuse to work with the AfD.
In Washington, Monday is the deadline for all federal workers to comply with a demand from Elon Musk's DOGE explaining their work or risk being fired. A number of federal agencies, including the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) under new Director Kash Patel, have ordered employees to ignore the demand, leaving many federal workers confused as to what to do.
In Congress, the House will continue its efforts to hammer out a massive tax and budget Reconciliation bill in the face of a looming March 14 government shutdown. Speaker of the House Michael Johnson (R-LA) is hoping to hold a vote on the bill by the end of the week, but likely disagreements among various factions in the Republican Caucus are likely to derail the effort, particularly around efforts aimed at cutting Medicaid. The Senate passed a $340 budget reconciliation bill (leaving tax for another Reconciliation later this year) on Friday. President Trump has said he prefers the House strategy of rolling the giant budget and tax bill into "One big, beautiful bill," but Senate Republicans have still moved on their two-bill track as a backup in case the House fails.
Looking at the global economic radar screen, markets are looking to Friday's US PCE release—which the Federal Reserve uses as its favored inflation gauge—which comes after the Conference Board's Consumer Confidence Index on Tuesday and the durable goods report on Thursday.
In Asia, Japan's CPI data is released on Friday following the PPI print on Tuesday. In Europe, the European Central Bank's meeting minutes from their January meeting are out on Thursday. Germany, France, and Italy publish inflation prints on Friday.
Below is what else we are watching around the world this coming week:
Sunday, February 23, 2025
Global
· Nothing significant to report.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Today is Guyana Republic Day, a national holiday.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Today is Japanese Emperor Naruhito’s 65th birthday.
· Today is National Day in Brunei, a public holiday.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· Germany holds parliamentary elections that will determine the new leadership of the country. Christian Social Union leader Fredrik Mertz is seen as the likely next Chancellor. However, it is unclear what sort of coalition he will form to avoid the surging ultra-rightwing AfD Party.
· Russia celebrates Defender of the Fatherland Day, otherwise known in Russia as Men’s Day, aimed at honoring men who serve in the armed forces.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Hezbollah's former Secretary General Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah will be buried in Lebanon.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Israel Manufacturing Production (December)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Monday, February 24, 2025
Global
· The UN’s 58th session of the Human Rights Council begins in Geneva, Switzerland. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres will open the session with a keynote speech.
· The UN Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing on Ukraine.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Brazil FGV Consumer Confidence (February)/ BCB Focus Market Readout
· Chile PPI (January)
· Mexico Mid-month Inflation Rate (February)
· Canada BoC Gravelle Speech
· USA Chicago Fed National Activity Index (January)/ Dallas Fed Manufacturing Index (February)
· Paraguay PPI (January)
· Peru Current Account Q4
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· British Business and Trade Secretary Jonathan Reynolds will travel to Delhi, India, for the 15th round of U.K.-India free trade negotiations.
· Today is the birthday of the Japanese Emperor Naruhito. Financial markets are closed.
· Indonesia launches Danantara, a sovereign wealth fund with more than $900 billion in assets under management. Projects to be financed by the new fund are seen as crucial to attracting foreign investment and reaching Jakarta's goal of 8% annual economic growth.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Masato Kanda becomes Asian Development Bank president, succeeding Masatsugu Asakawa, who stepped down yesterday. Kanda will complete the unexpired term of Asakawa, which ends on November 23, next year.
· New Zealand Retail Sales Q4/ Credit Card Spending (January)
· Indonesia M2 Money Supply (January)
· Thailand Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (January)
· Singapore Inflation Rate (January)
· Taiwan M2 Money Supply (January)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· The EU Foreign Affairs Council will meet in Brussels. Ministers will discuss the current state of play in Ukraine, the situation in Syria and Lebanon, and the situation in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Israeli Foreign Minister Gideon Saar will attend the meetings.
· The EU Agriculture and Fisheries Council meets in Brussels. Ministers will discuss the agricultural markets in the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
· EU President Ursuala von der Leyen will travel to Ukraine to meet with President Zelensky.
· The EU-Israel Association Council will meet in Brussels. The meeting will engage in political dialogue, focusing on the conflict in Gaza and Israeli-Palestinian relations, regional issues, including Iran, and global issues.
· A delegation of the EU Internal Market and Consumer Protection Committee will travel to Washington DC to meet with US Congress, US government entities, academics and industries representatives, as part of efforts to strengthen transatlantic cooperation in key policy areas.
· A delegation from the EU Economic and Monetary Affairs Committee will go to London to discuss EU-UK relations. They will cover competitiveness and investment, Ukraine’s reconstruction and sanctions against Russia, banking supervision, financial services, and digital finance. MEPs will meet, among others, the Bank of England Deputy Governor, the Financial Secretary to the Treasury and members of House of Lords and House of Commons
· Russia celebrates Day of the Defenders of the Motherland.
· Estonia celebrates Independence Day. Markets are closed.
Economic Reports/Events –
· The Bank of England begins a two-day conference at its London conference center on the theme “The Future of the Central Bank Balance Sheet” to promote policy-relevant research in this field by bringing together researchers from academia, central banks and international institutions.
· Turkey Business Confidence (February)/ Capacity Utilization (February)
· Switzerland Non-Farm Payrolls Q4
· Slovakia Inflation Rate (January)
· Germany Ifo Business Climate (February)/ Ifo Current Conditions (February)/ Ifo Expectations (February)
· Poland Unemployment Rate (January)/ Retail Sales (January)/ M3 Money Supply (January)
· Slovenia Business Confidence (February)
· Euro Area Inflation Rate (January)/ CPI Final (January)
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's ruling AKP party holds congress meeting.
· UAE President Mohammed bin Zayed al-Nahyan makes a state visit to Italy.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Israel Interest Rate Decision
· Lebanon Inflation Rate (January)
· Qatar M2 Money Supply (January)/ Total Credit Growth (January)
· Oman M2 Money Supply (December)/ Total Credit (December)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Ivory Coast Inflation Rate (December)/ Inflation Rate (January)
Tuesday, February 25, 2025
Global
· There will be a virtual meeting of G7 heads of state will be held to discuss potential avenues for a peaceful resolution.
· Brazil will lead the first BRICS+ Sherpas meeting as president of the bloc in Rio de Janeiro.
· The UN Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing in the Middle East followed by consultations.
· The UN Biodiversity 2025 Conference resumes sessions for the 16th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in Rome. Agenda includes securing $200bn annually for biodiversity by 2030.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· President Trump hosts French President Emmanuel Macron for meetings on Ukraine and US-EU trade.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Federal Reserve Board Vice Chair for Supervision Michael S. Barr will give a speech on Financial Stability followed by Q&A at the Yale School of Management in New Haven, Connecticut.
· Dallas Federal Reserve Bank President Lorie Logan speaks before the 2025 BEAR (Bank of England Agenda for Research) Conference: “The Future of the Central Bank Balance Sheet" in London.
· Richmond Federal Reserve Bank President Thomas Barkin speaks on “Inflation Then and Now" before the Rotary Club of Richmond.
· Brazil IPCA mid-month CPI (February)
· Canada Manufacturing Sales (January)
· USA Redbook (February/22)/ S&P/Case-Shiller Home Price (December)/ House Price Index (December)/ CB Consumer Confidence (February)/ Richmond Fed Manufacturing & Services Revenues Index (February)/ Dallas Fed Services Index (February)/ Money Supply (January)/ API Crude Oil Stock Change (February/21)
· Argentina Economic Activity (December)
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· The 2025 Asia-Pacific Forum on Sustainable Development opens at the UN Conference Center in Bangkok, running until Friday.
· South Korea's Constitutional Court will hold its final hearing for President Yoon Suk Yeol's impeachment trial.
· The ASEAN Future Forum 2025 begins in Hanoi, Vietnam.
· China’s 62nd Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) begins in the eastern city of Hangzhou.
· New Zealand's Prime Minister Christopher Luxon will visit Vietnam through February 28 to discuss mutual security and trade issues.
· India and Japan will conduct joint urban warfare and counterterrorism drills near Mount Fuji.
· The Philippines and Japan hold a Defense Ministerial meeting in Manila.
· Thailand and the U.S. jointly host the 43rd annual Cobra Gold exercise, the largest and longest-running military exercise in Southeast Asia. More than 8,000 personnel from the two host countries as well as Singapore, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea and Malaysia will take part. China, an emerging supplier of military equipment to Thailand, and India will join humanitarian assistance training.
· The Philippines celebrates People Power Day, commemorating when in 1986 demonstrations took place that began leading to the end of the Marcos regime.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Korea Central Bank Interest Rate Decision
· Malaysia Coincident Index (December)/ Leading Index (December)
· Taiwan Industrial Production (January)/ Retail Sales (January)
· Hong Kong Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (January)
· Thailand New Car Sales (January)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· Today is the 3rd anniversary of Russia launching a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian war that started in February 2014.
· The EU General Affairs Council will meet in Brussels. Ministers will discuss the Future of Europe and the legislative agenda.
· The European Commission will present its Clean Industrial Deal and its "simplification omnibus" package.
· Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez visits Kyiv for meetings with President Zelensky.
· NATO countries train in extreme cold conditions in Finland's Lapland during "Arctic Forge 25".
Economic Reports/Events –
European Central Bank Executive Board Member Isabel Schnabel gives a keynote speech at the Bank of England’s Annual Research Conference “The Future of the Central Bank Balance Sheet” in London.
European Union New Car Registrations (January)
· Germany GDP Growth Rate Q4
· Hungary Gross Wage (December)/ Deposit Interest Rate (February)/ Interest Rate Decision
· Slovenia Tourist Arrivals (January)
· Great Britain CBI Distributive Trades (February)
· Euro Area Negotiated Wage Growth Q4
· Spain Consumer Confidence (January)
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Kuwait celebrates National Day. Financial markets are closed.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Saudi Arabia Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (December)
· Israel Composite Economic Index (January)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Africa Leading Business Cycle Indicator (December)
Wednesday, February 26, 2025
Global
· The World Trade Organization holds a three-day trade policy review of Ukraine.
· The UN Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing on Sudan, followed by consultations. In the afternoon, it is scheduled to hold consultations on 1718 Committee (dealing with North Korea).
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· President Trump will hold his first cabinet meeting.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Richmond Federal Reserve Bank President Thomas Barkin speaks on “Inflation Then and Now" before the Northern Virginia Chamber of Commerce.
· Atlanta Federal Reserve Bank President Raphael Bostic participates in a conversation on the economic outlook and housing before the Urban Land Institute's annual Housing Opportunity Conference.
· USA MBA Mortgage Market Index (February/21)/ New Home Sales (January)/ EIA Crude Oil & Gasoline Stocks Change (February/21)/ Fed Bostic Speech/ Building Permits Final (January)
· Canada Wholesale Sales (January)
· Colombia Business Confidence (January)
· Argentina Retail Sales (December)
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Defense ministers from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) hold a retreat on the Malaysian island of Penang to discuss strengthening regional security cooperation and strategic unity. On Friday, the bloc's economy ministers meet at Desaru in Malaysia's southern Johor state.
· Nikkei’s Japan-India-Africa Business Forum his held in Tokyo. A number of senior government officials and senior executives from various industries are scheduled to speak.
· Hong Kong unveils its budget for 2025, as a protracted downturn in the local property market and other factors weigh on the government's finances. Financial Secretary Paul Chan will be in the spotlight as observers look for any signs of changes to the city's low-tax structure, key to its appeal as a financial hub.
· Indonesia launches its first bullion bank in a move described by President Prabowo Subianto as essential for storing gold reserves extracted from local mines. The new bank is aimed at accommodating Indonesia's growing capability to produce gold bars.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Australia Construction Work Done Q4/ Monthly CPI Indicator (January)
· Japan Coincident Index Final (December)/ Leading Economic Index Final (December)
· Singapore Industrial Production (January)
· Thailand Interest Rate Decision
· Taiwan Unemployment Rate (January)/ GDP Growth Rate Q4
· Hong Kong GDP Growth Rate Q4
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· UK Prime Minister Kier Starmer travels to Washington, D.C., for meetings with President Trump to discuss trade and Ukraine.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee member Swati Dhingra gives the Dow Lecture, “Trade fragmentation and monetary policy”, at the offices of the think-tank the National Institute of Economic and Social Research in London.
·
· Ireland Consumer Confidence (February)
· Germany GfK Consumer Confidence MAR
· Hungary Balance of Trade Final (December)
· France Consumer Confidence (February)
· Spain PPI (January)
· Russia Summary of the Key Rate Discussion/ Industrial Production (January)
· Ireland Construction Output Q4
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· The Infotopia 2025 Conference begins in the UAE.
· Kuwait celebrates Liberation Day, marking the day Iraq was defeated after invading the country in 1991.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Africa Inflation Rate (January)
Thursday, February 27, 2025
Global
· The G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors meet in South Africa through February 28.
· The UN Security Council is scheduled to vote on a draft resolution on the 2713 Committee (sanctions on Al-Shabaab). Afterwards, a briefing on the United Nations peacekeeping operations: Police Commissioners is scheduled to be held in the afternoon.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Anguilla holds parliamentary elections.
· Ontario Canada holds snap legislative assembly elections.
· The Dominican Republic celebrates Independence Day, a national holiday.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Federal Reserve Board Governor Michelle W. Bowman will give a speech on community banking at the Fort Hays State University Robbins Banking Institute Lecture Series, Hays, Kansas.
· Cleveland Federal Reserve Bank President Beth Hammack speaks on “Financial Stability" before the Columbia University/Bank Policy Institute: 2025 Bank Regulation Research Conference.
· Philadelphia Federal Reserve Bank President Patrick Harker speaks on the economic outlook before the Lyons Economic Forecast, presented by the University of Delaware's Center for Economic Education and Entrepreneurship.
· Brazil IGP-M Inflation (February)/ Current Account (January)/ Foreign Direct Investment (January)/ Unemployment Rate (January)
· Mexico Balance of Trade (January)/ Unemployment Rate (January)
· Canada Current Account Q4/ Average Weekly Earnings (December)
· USA Durable Goods Orders (January)/ GDP Price Index Q4/ Initial Jobless Claims (February/22)/ Real Consumer Spending Q4/ Pending Home Sales (January)/ EIA Natural Gas Stocks Change (February/21)/ Kansas Fed Composite & Manufacturing Index (February)/ 15- & 30-Year Mortgage Rate (February/27)/ Kansas Fed Index (February)/ Fed Balance Sheet (February/26)
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· The ASEAN Economic Ministers' Meeting takes place in Kota Tinggi, Malaysia.
Economic Reports/Events –
· New Zealand ANZ Business Confidence (February)
· Great Britain Car Production (January)
· Australia Building Capital Expenditure Q4/ Plant Machinery Capital Expenditure Q4/ Private Capital Expenditure Q4
· Taiwan Consumer Confidence (February)
· Malaysia PPI (January)
· Philippines Budget Balance (December)
· Sri Lanka PPI (January)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· The European Commission will visit India to advance free trade talks and hold the second meeting of the EU-India Trade and Technology Council through February 28.
Economic Reports/Events –
· The European Central Bank publishes minutes from the last rate-setting meeting.
· Turkey Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade Final (January)/ Economic Confidence Index (February)/ Foreign Exchange Reserves (February/21)
· Hungary Unemployment Rate (January)
· France PPI (January)/ Unemployment Benefit Claims (January)/ Jobseekers Total (January)
· Slovakia Business and Consumer Confidence (February)
· Spain Inflation Rate (February)
· Switzerland GDP Growth Rate Q4
· Euro Area Loans to Companies & Households (January)/ M3 Money Supply (January)/ Economic Sentiment (February)/ Consumer Confidence Final (February)/ Consumer Inflation Expectations (February)/ Industrial Sentiment (February)/ Selling Price Expectations (February)/ Services Sentiment (February)
· Italy Business and Consumer Confidence (February)/ Industrial Sales (December)
· Poland GDP Growth Rate Q4
· Slovenia Retail Sales (January)
· Greece Total Credit (January)
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Syria is expected to announce its new government.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Saudi Arabia M3 Money Supply (January)/ Private Bank Lending (January)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Africa PPI (January)
Friday, February 28, 2025
Global
· Ramadan begins in the evening and goes through March 30.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Yamandu Orsi takes office as President of Uruguay.
· Argentine President Javier Milei gives an annual speech before the Legislative Assembly.
· Brazil holds Rio Carnival 2025.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Chicago Federal Reserve Bank President Austan Goolsbee participates in a moderated question-and-answer session before the Stanford Institute of Economic Policy Research 2025 SIEPR Economic Summit.
· Brazil Gross Debt to GDP (January)/ Nominal Budget Balance (January)/ GDP Growth Rate Q4
· Canada CFIB Business Barometer (February)/ GDP Growth Rate Annualized Q4/ GDP (December)/ Budget Balance (December)
· Chile Copper Production (January)/ Industrial Production (January)/ Manufacturing Production (January)/ Retail Sales (January)/ Unemployment Rate (January)
· USA Core PCE Price Index (January)/ Personal Income & Spending (January)/ Goods Trade Balance Adv (January)/ PCE Price Index (January)/ Retail Inventories Ex Autos (January)/ Wholesale Inventories (January)/ Core PCE Price Index (January)/ Chicago PMI (February)/ Baker Hughes Total Rigs Count (February/28)
· Colombia Unemployment Rate (January)/ Cement Production (January)
· Uruguay Unemployment Rate (January)/ Balance of Trade (January)
· Argentina Tax Revenue (February)
· Peru Inflation Rate (February)
· Mexico Fiscal Balance (January)
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Taiwan celebrates Peace Memorial Day, a national holiday.
Economic Reports/Events –
· New Zealand ANZ Roy Morgan Consumer Confidence (February)
· Japan Tokyo CPI (February)/ Retail Sales (January)/ Foreign Bond Investment (February/22)/ Industrial Production (January)/ Stock Investment by Foreigners (February/22)/ Housing Starts (January)/ Construction Orders (January)
· Australia Housing Credit (January)/ Private Sector Credit (January)/ CoreLogic Dwelling Prices (February)
· Philippines Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (January)
· Singapore Bank Lending (January)/ Import Prices (January)/ Export Prices (January)/ PPI (January)
· Thailand Industrial Production (January)/ Current Account (January)/ Private Investment & Consumption (January)/ Business Confidence (February)/ Retail Sales (December)
· Malaysia M3 Money Supply (January)
· Sri Lanka Inflation Rate (February)/ Balance of Trade (January)
· India Government Budget Value (January)/ Bank Loan Growth (February/14)/ Deposit Growth (February/14)/ Foreign Exchange Reserves (February/21)/ Infrastructure Output (January)/ GDP Growth Rate Q4/ Fiscal Year GDP Growth 2nd Est 2024-25
· Pakistan Inflation Rate (February)/ Wholesale Prices (February)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· European President Ursula von der Leyen will meet with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi.
· Andalusia celebrates Andalusia Day, celebrating when the region of Spain became autonomous.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Bank of England Deputy Governor for Markets and Banking Dave Ramsden gives the keynote speech at South Africa’s Stellenbosch University on monetary policy in a world of geopolitical fragmentation.
· Germany Retail Sales (January)/ Import Prices (January)/ Unemployed Persons (February)/ Unemployment Change (February)/ Unemployment Rate (February)/ Baden Wuerttemberg CPI (February)/ Bavaria CPI (February)/ Brandenburg CPI (February)/ Hesse CPI (February)/ North Rhine Westphalia CPI (February)/ Saxony CPI (February)/ Inflation Rate (February)
· Turkey GDP Growth Rate Q4/ Unemployment Rate (January)/ Participation Rate (January)
· Great Britain Nationwide Housing Prices (February)
· Hungary PPI (January)/ HALPIM Manufacturing PMI (February)
· Switzerland Retail Sales (January)/ KOF Leading Indicators (February)/ Economic Sentiment Index (February)
· France Inflation Rate (February)/ GDP Growth Rate Q4/ Household Consumption (January)/ Private & Non-Farm Payrolls Q4
· Spain Current Account (December)/ Business Confidence (February)
· Slovenia Inflation Rate (February)/ PPI (January)
· Greece Retail Sales (December)/ PPI (January)
· Italy Inflation Rate (February)
· Ireland Average Weekly Earnings Q4/ Current Account Q4/ GDP Growth Rate Q4/ GNP Q4/ Inflation Rate (February)/ Retail Sales (January)
· Serbia GDP Growth Rate Q4/ Industrial Production (January)/ Retail Sales (January)/ Unemployment Rate Q4
· Euro Area ECB Consumer Inflation Expectations (January)
· Russia M2 Money Supply (January)
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Qatar Balance of Trade (January)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Africa M3 Money Supply (January)/ Private Sector Credit (January)/ Budget Balance (January)/ Balance of Trade (January)
· Nigeria Foreign Exchange Reserves (February)
· Zimbabwe Inflation Rate (February)
· Kenya Inflation Rate (February)
Saturday, March 1, 2025
Global
· Today is the first day of the meteorological spring.
· Denmark takes the Chair of the UN Security Council for the month of March.
· NASA’s Europa Clipper mission is due to make a fly-by of Mars en route to Jupiter’s moon Europa, where it will become the first mission to conduct a detailed scientific investigation of the moon.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Today is the end of the 30-day suspension of US 25% tariffs President Trump is placing on Canada and Mexico.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· South Korea celebrates Independence Movement Day, a national holiday commemorating the protests against Japanese colonial rule.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Korea Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (February)
· China NBS Non-Manufacturing, Manufacturing, & General PMI (February)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Sunday, March 2, 2025
Global
· Nothing significant to report.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· The 97th Academy Awards ceremony is held, where they give a bunch of awards for movies most of us have seen or heard of.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Tajikistan holds parliamentary and local elections.
· Japanese Prime Minister Ishiba faces a deadline to get his proposed budget passed by the lower house of parliament.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Recommended Weekend Reads
What Canada’s Critical Mineral Supply Means to the U.S., The Economic Consequences of Dark Oil Shipping, What Does Trump’s Terror Designation for Drug Cartels Mean? and 8 Questions for BRICS Currency Advocates
February 21 - 23, 2025
Please find below our recommended reads from reports and articles we read in the last week. We hope you find these useful and that you have a relaxing weekend. And let us know if you or someone you know wants to be added to our distribution list.
U.S – Canadian Critical Minerals Trade
Mining for Defense: Unlocking the Potential for U.S. – Canada Collaboration on Critical Minerals Christopher Hernandez-Roy/Henry Ziemer/Alejandra Toro - Center for Strategic and International Studies
China’s near monopolistic control of many critical minerals, which are essential for both for consumer products and defense production, represents an unacceptable risk to the national security of the United States at a time of heightened geopolitical tension. Canada, which already supplies the United States with large quantities of certain essential metals, is well positioned as an alternative source for many of the critical minerals controlled by China, thus contributing to North American national and economic security. Bolstering cooperation on critical minerals for the defense industry furthermore offers a way for both countries to find common ground amid frustrations surrounding trade and security.
Implications of the U.S. Designation of Mexican Cartels as Terrorist Organizations
Mexico Eyes Constitutional Reform after U.S. Terrorism Designations Washington Post
Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum said her party has proposed reforms to the country’s constitution to better protect its sovereignty in response to the United States designating six Mexican organized-crime groups as foreign terrorist organizations. The U.S. State Department on Thursday upgraded the designation of cartels including Mexico’s Sinaloa and Jalisco Nueva Generación, which together dominate fentanyl manufacturing and importation into the United States, according to the Drug Enforcement Administration. “This cannot be an opportunity for the United States to invade our sovereignty,” Sheinbaum said at a news conference Thursday, adding that Mexico would collaborate on combating organized crime but would not accept “subordination.” A “foreign terrorist organization” designation allows the State Department to deploy special sanctions and expands the U.S. government’s ability to prosecute people who provide support to the groups and to collect “military action intelligence,” according to a Wilson Center analysis.
Chinese organized crime networks and Mexican cartels are using Canadian ports to trade highly lucrative fish bladders for the precursor chemicals needed to produce fentanyl, according to a memo from the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA). It said organized criminal networks transport the fish — called totoaba — from the West Coast to China, while the chemical precursors to make toxic drugs are sent through Canadian ports.
The New War on Drugs Vanda Felab-Brown/Foreign Affairs
Between January 20 and February 1, U.S. President Donald Trump signed several executive orders declaring national emergencies on the U.S. southern and northern borders, thanks, in part, to the “the sustained influx of illicit opioids and other drugs” into the United States. Citing the public health crisis created, in particular, by fentanyl—as well as concerns about undocumented migrants—he then imposed a 25 percent tariff on most imports from Canada and Mexico and a ten percent tariff on Chinese goods. Although Canada and Mexico managed to negotiate a monthlong postponement of their new tariffs, in early February the tariff on Chinese imports went into effect. The threat to apply tariffs and FTO designations did create leverage to pressure the Mexican government to resurrect its own law enforcement efforts and collaborate more closely with U.S. law enforcement, two shifts that were sorely needed. But the actual implementation of the tariffs for a substantial time—and the application of the FTO designation—will harm the U.S.-Mexico relationship as well as the U.S. economy. Resorting to unilateral military strikes against the cartels would constitute a death blow to cooperative law enforcement efforts between the United States and Mexico.
Latin American Organized Crime’s Real Target: Local Government Americas Quarterly
On February 1, President Trump accused Mexico’s government of maintaining an “intolerable alliance” with drug trafficking organizations – an allegation Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum immediately dismissed as slanderous. But what should most worry Trump, Sheinbaum, and other regional leaders is crime’s growing influence at the local level—the product of crucial shifts over the past 15 years. There is a long and growing list of Mexican governors and mayors convicted for organized crime ties. In the past decade, Mexico has imprisoned five former governors for connections to organized crime, while the U.S. has extradited two others. The list of former mayors jailed on charges of colluding with organized crime is even longer. The focus on local political focus is turn have an increasingly deleterious impact on business and the overall economy.
The Expansion and Diversification of Mexican Cartels: Dynamic New Actors and Markets International Institute for Strategic Studies
Latin America’s transnational criminal landscape is reconfiguring due to the accelerated internationalization and diversification of criminal organizations, which are able to control territory and project influence globally. Traditionally, cartels controlled limited territories and specialized on a single product, usually cocaine. The new criminal elites now traffic multiple products across extensive markets and regions.
The Economic Impact of Russia’s War on Ukraine
The (Un)Intended Consequences of Oil Sanctions Through the Dark Shipping of Sanctioned Oil Jesús Fernández-Villaverde | Xiwen Bai | Yiliang Li | Le Xu | Francesco Zanetti/National Bureau of Economic Research
Abstract: We examine the rise of dark shipping—oil tankers disabling AIS transceivers to evade detection—amid Western sanctions on Iran, Syria, North Korea, Venezuela, and Russia. Using a machine learning-based ship clustering model, we track dark-shipped crude oil trade flows worldwide and detect unauthorized ship-to-ship transfers. From 2017 to 2023, dark ships transported an estimated 7.8 million metric tons of crude oil monthly—43% of global seaborne crude exports—with China absorbing 15%. These sanctioned flows offset recorded declines in global oil exports but create distinct economic shifts. The U.S., a net oil exporter, faces lower oil prices but benefits from cheaper Chinese imports, driving deflationary growth. The EU, a net importer, contends with rising energy costs yet gains from Chinese demand, fueling inflationary expansion. China, leveraging discounted oil, boosts industrial output, propagating global economic shocks. Our findings expose dark shipping’s central role in reshaping oil markets and macroeconomic dynamics.
Russia’s Wartime Economy Isn’t as Weak as it Looks Royal United Services Institute for Defense and Security Studies
Many analysts have seized on what appears to be a rare bright spot: Russia’s faltering ‘war economy’, which – according to some – is ‘Putin’s greatest weakness’. An acute labor shortage, persistent and rising inflation caused by soaring military expenditure, and ever-tightening sanctions will – it is claimed – finally bring about an economic crisis that will force Moscow to abandon its maximalist aims in Ukraine and bring about an end to the war on terms more acceptable to Kyiv and its allies. Sadly, these hopes are likely to prove misplaced. Russia’s economy has confounded expectations throughout the war and, despite suffering several complications, remains well-placed to support the Kremlin’s ambitions in Ukraine and beyond.
Addicted to War: Undermining Russia’s Economy Center for European Policy Analysis
Despite initial predictions that sanctions would cripple it, Russia’s economy has shown unexpected resilience, with a modest contraction in 2022 followed by growth in 2023 and 2024. Nonetheless, sanctions and the war itself have forced Russia’s economic policymakers into a series of Faustian bargains, all of which are undermining midterm economic viability. Russia’s economic resilience has resulted from a combination of increased state spending, authoritarian “friend-shoring” of trade, and import substitution, which together have boosted consumption and investment and kept capital in the country. The departure of more than 1,200 foreign companies, while reducing the options available to Russian consumers and damaging Russia’s image, has increased profits for Russian companies, bolstered demand for Russian-made goods, and given the regime a wellspring of capital to redistribute to politically loyal interests. Russia’s economic growth is heavily tied to military spending, with investments tilted toward war-related industries, import substitution, and infrastructure projects to facilitate trade with China. In the absence of defense spending, Russia’s economy would likely stagnate.
Geoeconomics
Shared BRICS Money: A Basket Currency or a Basket Case? 8 Questions for Proponents of a BRICS Common Currency Gary Smith/OMFIF
Many nations would like to reduce their dependence on the increasingly weaponized dollar, especially for dollar-denominated trade that does not pass through the US. The idea of a shared currency issued by the BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) made headlines in late 2024 ahead of their conference in Kazan, Russia. Wanting to move away from the dollar is understandable, but making progress will be challenging. Here are eight questions for the proponents of a BRICS currency.
A Common BRICS Currency? Lessons from the Euro The War Room/U.S. Army War College
You might have seen recent proposals for the BRICS+ nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa along with a few other recent additions) to create a common currency as an alternative to the dominant U.S. dollar. Proponents of this idea cite the creation of the Euro as proof of the idea's viability. Not so fast, Mark Duckenfield (the Dwight D. Eisenhower Chair of National Security and a Professor of International Economics in the Department of National Security and Strategy at the U.S. Army War College) explains. In his discussion of both cases, Duckenfield shows all that creating a currency to advance a geopolitical vision is easier said than done and requires several critical conditions that the BRICS lack.
Federal Workers Are Not Where You Might Think They Are
February 18, 2025
We have fielded a number of client questions about the DOGE effort and how federal layoffs are impacting the economy in Virginia and Maryland (where impacted Washington-based federal workers live). What surprises most folks, however, is when we point out that more than 85 percent of federal workers live and work outside of Washington, D.C.
The Washington Post made this clear this morning when they published an excellent interactive map today showing where federal workers are in the United States.
The point is obvious: Communities far outside the Nation’s Capitol are likely to be impacted economically by ongoing and potential cuts.
The Post also broke down the various categories of what federal workers do as well as the size of the major departments and agencies currently undergoing DOGE scrutiny.
U.S. Financial Regulatory Week Ahead
The Coming CFPB Restructuring Battle, No More Fed Vice Chair for Supervision, The OCC, CFTC, and CFPB All Get Nominees, and the New House Monetary Policy Task Force
February 17 - 21, 2025
The Coming CFPB Restructuring Battle, No More Fed Vice Chair for Supervision, The OCC, CFTC, and CFPB All Get Nominees, and the New House Monetary Policy Task Force
Washington is enjoying a holiday-shortened week, with President’s Day on Monday. The House of Representatives is out of session this week in honor of the day, but the Senate remains in session and is working hard to move forward with the budget reconciliation bill.
Last week, we saw action in nominating several important regulatory agencies. President Trump named Jonathan McKernan to lead the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), Jonathan Gould to be the new Comptroller of the Currency (only two days after Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent named Rodney Hood as the Acting Head of the OCC), and Brian Quintenz as the Chair of the Commodities Future Trading Commission. We are tracking when their respective Senate Banking Committee confirmation hearings will be scheduled (as well as Paul Atkins for SEC Chair).
What was particularly interesting about the nominations is those that were not named: No new Federal Reserve Board Vice Chair for Supervision or new Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Chair. In addition to this, Federal Reserve Board Chair Jay Powell’s testimony before the House Financial Services Committee, where he questioned whether the Fed needed a dedicated regulatory-focused board member and whether the entire board itself should be responsible. Knowing Jay Powell, he does not just muse out loud – he’s a cautious man, and he would not say this without there being something going on behind the scenes. Regulatory players around town we spoke to wondered out loud if the White House has discussed not nominating a replacement for outgoing Vice Chair for Supervision Michael Barr – talk about deregulation!
Speaking of deregulatory efforts, the Trump Administration continues to grind down the CFPB. It is clear to us that they want to either shut down the agency, fold it into either the FDIC or Fed, or break it apart and send the parts to both agencies. We have also heard more chatter about merging the OCC with the FDIC (which we think is a long shot).
However, seeing that the Republican-run US Congress is likely to pass two reconciliation bills this year, we have been wondering if the Trump White House is going to include significant financial regulatory restructuring in one or both bills. You cannot filibuster a Reconciliation bill – making it easier for Republicans to restructure the agencies. When you think of it, many other government departments and agencies could be consolidated or shut down via reconciliation. Looking at the Heritage Foundation’s Project 2025, it calls for the shutting down of the Department of Education, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, and the Department of Homeland Security etc., etc. No one is talking about this potential radical restructuring of the federal governmental architecture – but you have to wonder what surprises President Trump has in store via the work of Elon Musk’s DOGE and the analysis of his very ambitious Director of the Office of Management and Budget Russell Voight.
Below is what else we are watching in the Washington financial regulatory world this coming week:
U.S. Congressional Hearings
U.S. Senate
· Wednesday, February 19, 10:00 a.m. – The Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee will hold a confirmation hearing for Department of Labor nominee Lori Chavez-DeRemer.
· Thursday, February 20, 10:00 a.m. – The Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee will hold a confirmation hearing for Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education.
House of Representatives
· The House of Representatives is out of session this week in honor of President’s Day (Monday). No hearings are scheduled.
Federal Department & Regulatory Agency Meetings & Events
Federal Reserve Board and Federal Reserve Banks
· Monday, February 17, 10:20 a.m. MT – Federal Reserve Board Governor Michelle W. Bowman will give brief remarks on the economy and bank regulation at the American Bankers Association (ABA) Conference for Community Bankers, Phoenix, Arizona.
· Monday, February 17, 6:00 p.m. Sydney, Australia – Federal Reserve Board Governor Christopher J. Waller gives a speech on the economic outlook at the UNSW Macroeconomic Workshop, Sydney, Australia.
· Monday, February 17, 10:00 a.m. – Philadelphia Federal Reserve Bank President Patrick Harker speaks on the economic outlook before the Global Interdependence Center Central Banking Series Conference with the University of the Bahamas.
· Tuesday, February 18, 1:00 p.m. – Federal Reserve Board Vice Chair Michael Barr will give a speech on Artificial Intelligence and Financial Stability at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York.
· Tuesday, February 18, 9:00 a.m. – San Francisco Federal Reserve Bank President Mary Daly speaks and participates in a moderated discussion before the 2025 Conference for Community Bankers hosted by the American Bankers Association.
· Wednesday, February 19, 5:00 p.m. – Federal Reserve Board Vice Chair Philip N. Jefferson gives a speech entitled “Household Balance Sheets” at the Martin H. Crego Lecture in Economics, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York.
· Thursday, February 20, 2:30 p.m. – Federal Reserve Board Vice Chair for Supervision Michael Barr gives a speech on supervision and regulation at the Georgetown University Law Center in Washington, D.C.
· Thursday, February 20, 5:00 p.m. – Federal Reserve Board Governor Adriana Kugler gives a speech entitled “Navigating Inflation Waves While Riding on the Phillips Curve” at the 2025 Whittington Lecture, McCourt School of Public Policy, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.
· Thursday, February 20, 12:00 p.m. – St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank President Alberto Musalem speaks and participates in a moderated conversation on the U.S. economy and monetary policy before the Economic Club of New York.
· Thursday, February 20, 12:00 p.m. – Chicago Federal Reserve Bank President Austan Goolsbee participates in a moderated question-and-answer session before the Chicagoland Chamber Mid-Market Chicago event.
· Friday, February 21, 11:30 a.m. PST – Federal Reserve Vice Chair Philip N. Jefferson gives a speech on Central Bank Communication at the Macroeconomics and Monetary Policy Conference, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
U.S. Treasury Department
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Department of Commerce
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Department of Housing and Urban Development
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Securities and Exchange Commission
· Thursday, February 21, 1:00 p.m. – The SEC will hold a Closed Meeting.
Commodities Futures Trading Commission
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
· Tuesday, February 18 – 8:00 a.m. MT – Acting Comptroller of the Currency Rodney Hood will discuss community banking at the American Bankers Association Conference for Community Bankers in Phoenix, Arizona.
The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
National Credit Union Administration
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
FINRA
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Federal Housing Finance Agency
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Federal Trade Commission & Department of Justice Antitrust Division
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Farm Credit Administration
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Farm Credit Insurance Corporation
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Small Business Administration
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
International Monetary Fund & World Bank
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
North American Securities Administrators Association
· There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Trade Associations & Think Tank Events
Trade Associations
· Sunday – Tuesday, February 16 – 18 – The American Bankers Association holds its Conference for Community Bankers in Phoenix, Arizona.
· Wednesday, February 19, 8:30 a.m. – The Institute for International Finance holds an online event entitled US Trade Policy Under Trump: Spotlight on Canada and Mexico.
Think Tanks and Other Events
· Wednesday, February 19, Noon – The Exchequer Club hosts former Federal Housing Finance Agency Director and current Cato Institute Senior Advisor Mark Calabria for a talk on financial regulation.
The Global Week Ahead
Big Moves Toward Ukrainian Peace Talks, The EU Seeks to Head Off A Trade War with the US, Germany Holds What Could Be Historic Elections, The Israeli-Hezbollah Cease-Fire Is Set to Expire, and Markets Look to the Release FOMC Minutes
February 16 - 23, 2025
It will be a big week geopolitically - potentially historic in several ways. First, there is rapid movement toward establishing a framework to begin peace negotiations with Russia over its war on Ukraine. President Trump is dispatching US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, National Security Advisor Mike Walz, and Special Envoy to the Middle East Steve Witkoff to Saudi Arabia Monday to meet with Russian counterparts. The meeting aims to begin setting up the parameters for a possible meeting between President Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin in Saudi Arabia in the coming weeks to start negotiating a Ukrainian peace deal.
As Rubio/Walz/Witkoff meet in Riyadh with the Russians, Trump’s Special Envoy to Russia and Ukraine, retired US Army General Keith Kellogg, will meet with EU President Ursula von der Leyen and then NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte on the peace effort.
As all this is taking place, French President Emmanual Macron will be convening an “emergency” meeting of EU leaders (leaders of Germany, Britain, Italy, Poland, Sapin, the Netherlands, and Denmark, as well as the NATO Secretary-General and the Presidents of the European Council and European Commission) to discuss what President Trump is doing and what they should be doing. UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer said this “is a once-in-a-generation moment for our national security.” All this being said, the two massive questions on the table are: What does Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky think about what Trump is saying and doing? And what exactly is President Trump’s vision for a peace deal, and does it include Ukraine giving up the land Russia has seized? All in all, it appears Zelensky and Ukrainian concerns are being somewhat left to the side. Also, coordination between the US and NATO partners lags behind Trump’s lightning-speed efforts.
Meanwhile, in Washington, EU Trade Commissioner Maros Sefcovic is flying over to meet with Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick and US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer to urgently discuss how to avoid a looming US-EU trade war, which will be launched by President Trump’s promised reciprocal tariffs. Sefcovic is not scheduled at this point to meet with President Trump directly, but rumors abound that this might actually happen. Markets need to watch this trip closely.
Also happening in Europe this week, German voters head to the polls on Sunday to elect a new government. Christian Democrat Party Leader Fredrik Merz is on track to see his party win in the polls along with their Bavarian partners, the Christian Social Union (currently at 29.2%). The question is: Which other parties will they form a coalition with to avoid at all costs working with the ultra-far-right AfD Party, which is now currently in second place in the polls (21.3%)? Most Germans – indeed, most of Europe – are shocked and dismayed to see the AfD – which has repeatedly been shown to have a significant number of members who are Nazi sympathizers gain such an uptick in popularity. And that makes this election potentially historic as the Merz will likely have to go in with the Green Party and the left-of-center Social Democrats (SPD) led by current Chancellor Olaf Scholz.
Turning to the Middle East, Monday marks the grim milestone of the 500th day since the October 2023 Hamas attack on Israel, which killed more than 2,500 civilians and resulted in the taking of 251 hostages. While the Gaza cease-fire remains incredibly fragile, with sporadic attacks taking place, hope remains that the rest of the hostages will be released in the coming weeks. Meanwhile, on Wednesday, the cease-fire between Israel and Hezbollah is technically set to expire. However, most observers expect it to be extended. Israel is asking for a ten-day extension (until February 28) before they pull back the last of their troops from Southern Lebanon. Hezbollah is not likely to want to return to full-scale fighting, having been severely mauled by Israeli forces and having a large portion of its military leadership killed.
Looking at the global economic radar screen for the coming week, markets are keenly awaiting the release of the FMOC’s minutes on Wednesday to get a clearer sense of just how worried the Federal Reserve is about a resurgence of inflation and if there is any chance for further rate cuts this year.
In Asia, Japan releases Q4 GDP estimates, January CPI figures, and trade and machinery order data. Australia’s Reserve Bank meets on interest rates on Tuesday.
In Europe, the UK releases labor figures on Tuesday, inflation data on Wednesday, and consumer confidence on Friday. Germany releases the ZEW Survey on Tuesday, and we will see the Eurozone consumer confidence report on Thursday.
Below is what else we are watching closely in the coming week:
Sunday, February 16, 2025
Global
· Nothing significant to report.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· US Secretary of State Marco Rubio visits Israel for meetings with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
· Canadian Trade Minister Mary Ng leads a delegation of 220 representatives from 140 Canadian organizations on a trade mission to Australia as part of the Australia-Canada Economic Leadership Forum in Sydney.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· North Korea has a national holiday celebrating the birth of former leader Kim Jon-il who died in 2011.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· In Germany, Chancellor Olaf Scholz, his conservative challenger Friedrich Merz plus Alice Weidel of the AfD, and Robert Habeck from the Greens take part in a four-way TV debate on German channel RTL ahead of next week’s federal election
· Today is the first anniversary of Alexei Navalny’s murder in Russia.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· The 8th Indian Ocean Conference takes place in Oman.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Saudi Arabia Inflation Rate (January)/ Wholesale Prices (January)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· The African Union Heads of State and Government Summit finishes.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Monday, February 17, 2025
Global
· The UN Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing on threats to international peace and security focused on Ukraine.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, National Security Advisor Michael Walz, and President Trump’s Special Envoy to the Middle East Steve Witkoff will travel to Saudi Arabia for meetings with Russian envoys to lay the groundwork for negotiations seeking to end the war in Ukraine.
· EU Trade Commissioner Maros Sefcovic will travel to Washington for meetings with Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick, US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer and White House National Economic Director Kevin Hassett in an effort to ward off possible trade tariffs on the EU.
· Today is President’s Day in the US, a national holiday. Financial markets and banks are closed. The US House of Representatives is out of session this week in honor of President’s Day. The US Senate is in session this week.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Federal Reserve Board Governor Michelle W. Bowman will give brief remarks on the economy and bank regulation at the American Bankers Association (ABA) Conference for Community Bankers, Phoenix, Arizona.
· Federal Reserve Board Governor Christopher J. Waller gives a speech on the economic outlook at the UNSW Macroeconomic Workshop, Sydney, Australia.
· Philadelphia Federal Reserve Bank President Patrick Harker speaks on the economic outlook before the Global Interdependence Center Central Banking Series Conference with the University of the Bahamas.
· Brazil IBC-BR Economic Activity (December)/ BCB Focus Market Readout
· Canada Housing Starts (January)/ Foreign Securities Purchases (December)
· Colombia GDP Growth Rate Q4/ ISE Economic Activity (December)
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Chinese President Xi Jinping will chair a Tech Symposium with leading Chinese tech CEOs in Beijing in an effort to spur further growth in the sector.
· Malaysia will host the China Conference: Southeast Asia 2025 in Kuala Lumpur. Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim will speak.
· Sri Lanka's three-month-old government will present its first national budget as the country faces pressure from the International Monetary Fund to reach a primary fiscal surplus of 2.3 % of GDP and a tax-to-GDP ratio of 14% by next year. The IMF's conditions are part of a $3 billion bailout to help the country recover from its 2022 economic meltdown.
· Vietnam’s Parliament is scheduled to vote on a series of major civil service reforms.
Economic Reports/Events –
· New Zealand Composite & Services NZ PCI (January)/ Visitor Arrivals (December)
· Japan GDP Growth Annualized Prel Q4/ GDP Price Index Q4/ Capacity Utilization (December)/ Industrial Production Final (December)/ Tertiary Industry Index (December)
· Singapore Non-Oil Exports (January)/ Balance of Trade (January)
· Thailand GDP Growth Rate Q4/ Full Year GDP Growth 2024
· Indonesia Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (January)
· Kazakhstan Current Account Q4
· Philippines Cash Remittances (December)
· China Vehicle Sales (January)
· India Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (January)
· Sri Lanka PPI (December)/ Manufacturing PMI (January)/ Services PMI (January)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· European heads of state gather in Paris for an emergency meeting to discuss and potentially agree on a common proposal to resolve the Ukraine War. The meeting is being convened in response to President Trump’s fast-moving effort to meet with Russian President Putin to discuss Trump’s proposal to end the war.
· EU President Ursula von der Leyen will meet with General Keith Kellogg (ret.), the US Special Presidential Envoy for Ukraine and Russia in Brussels. Kellogg will also meet with NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte in Brussels to discuss President Trump’s peace plan for Ukraine.
· The Eurogroup meets in Brussels to discuss the state of convergence in Bulgaria, the macroeconomic outlook for the Euro area, and the work program for the group up to July 2025. European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde will participate.
· Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov hosts Serbia's Foreign Minister Marko Duric for meetings in Moscow.
· Romania’s far-right opposition parties are expected to submit a no-confidence vote for Prime Minister Marcel Ciolacu’s government.
· There will be an informal meeting of the EU General Affairs Council in Brussels through February 18.
· The US Army Europe and Africa will hold its biennial exercise in the Arctic called Arctic Forge 25.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Slovakia Inflation Rate (January)
· Italy Balance of Trade (December)
· Spain Balance of Trade (December)
· Euro Area Balance of Trade (December)/ European Commission Winter Forecasts/ ECOFIN Meeting
· Germany Bundesbank Nagel Speech
· Ireland Balance of Trade (December)
· Belarus Industrial Production (January)
· Turkey Auto Production (January)/ Auto Sales (January)/ Budget Balance (January)
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Today is the 500th day anniversary of Hamas’ attack on Israel and the taking of hostages.
· Today is February 17th, Revolution Day, a national holiday celebrating when the people of Libya threw off the rule of Colonel Muammar Gaddafi’s 40 years of rule.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Israel GDP Growth Annualized 1st Est Q4/ Unemployment Rate (January)
· Jordan Industrial Production (December)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Angola Foreign Exchange Reserves (January)/ M3 Money Supply (January)
· Egypt Unemployment Rate Q4
· Nigeria Food Inflation (January)/ Inflation Rate (January)
Tuesday, February 18, 2025
Global
· The World Trade Organization begins a two-day council meeting in Geneva.
· The UN Security Council is scheduled to hold an open debate on the maintenance of international peace and security: Practicing multilateralism, reforming and improving global governance. China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi will chair the meeting.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Brazilian President Lula da Silva hosts Portuguese President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa in Sao Paulo.
· Bermuda holds elections for its House of Assembly.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Federal Reserve Board Vice Chair Michael Barr will give a speech on Artificial Intelligence and Financial Stability at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York.
· San Francisco Federal Reserve Bank President Mary Daly speaks and participates in a moderated discussion before the 2025 Conference for Community Bankers hosted by the American Bankers Association.
· Canada Inflation Rate (January)/ CPI Median (January)/ CPI Trimmed-Mean (January)
· USA NY Empire State Manufacturing Index (February)/ NAHB Housing Market Index (February)/ NOPA Crush Report/ Net Long-term TIC Flows (December)/ Foreign Bond Investment (December)/ Overall Net Capital Flows (December)
· Argentina Balance of Trade (January)
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· The Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency, Rafael Grossi, begins a three-day visit to Japan to review the country’s nuclear power plants.
· South Korea's constitutional court continues hearings this week on whether President Yoon Suk Yeol should be removed from office over his short-lived martial law order in December. That ruling is expected early next month. On Thursday, a Seoul district court will begin Yoon's criminal trial on insurrection charges.
· Singapore’s Prime Minister and Finance Minister, Lawrence Wong, delivers the government's 2025 budget in a critical election year. As a key step in preparing for the city-state's general election due by November, observers are expecting new policies and generous support measures aimed at tackling the most pressing voter concerns, such as rising living costs.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Australia RBA Interest Rate Decision/ RBA Press Conference
· Hong Kong Unemployment Rate (January)
· New Zealand Global Dairy Trade Price Index (February/18)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· Th EU Economic and Financial Affairs Council meets in Brussels. Ministers will discuss EU competitiveness and improving the business environment, the situation in Ukraine, the EU budget for 2026, and the economic governance framework.
· France’s upper House of Parliament is expected to debate and vote on the highly controversial 2025 Social Security budget.
· Today is the inauguration of President Zoran Milanovic in Croatia.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Bank of England Governor Andrew Bailey has a “fireside chat” in Brussels with Jeromin Zettelmeyer, director of Belgian think-tank Bruegel, on “preserving and enhancing open financial markets.”
· European Central Bank Executive Board Member Piero Cipollone will participate in a livestreamed MNI Connect video conference “The ECB's Balance Sheet Policies and Implications in the Current Economic Context”.
· Great Britain Unemployment Rate (December)/ Employment Change (December)/ HMRC Payrolls Change (January)/ Claimant Count Change (January/Labour Productivity Final Q3
· Switzerland Industrial Production Q4
· France Inflation Rate Final (January)
· Euro Area ZEW Economic Sentiment Index (February)
· Germany ZEW Economic Sentiment Index (February)/ ZEW Current Conditions (February)
· Belarus GDP (January)
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· The Israel-Hezbollah ceasefire agreement expires unless extended. The initial deal, brokered by the US and France, began in November and halted nearly 14 months of conflict by requiring both sides to withdraw from southern Lebanon.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Oman M2 Money Supply (December)/ Total Credit (December)
· Qatar Inflation Rate (January)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Today is Gambia Independence Day, a national holiday.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Africa Unemployment Rate Q4/ Unemployed Persons Q4/ Annual Budget Speech
· Nigeria Interest Rate Decision
· Angola Wholesale Prices (December)
Wednesday, February 19, 2025
Global
· The UN Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing on the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) and Libya sanctions. This will be followed by consultations.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund will host the third FII Priority Summit in Miami Beach, United States, through Feb. 21, and U.S. President Donald Trump is expected to attend and speak.
· The Caricom Meeting of the Conference of Heads of Government of the Caribbean Community meet in Barbados.
· The US Senate’s Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee will hold a confirmation hearing for Department of Labor nominee Lori Chavez-DeRemer.
· The Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) begins in Washington, D.C. and runs through Saturday.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Federal Reserve Board Vice Chair Philip N. Jefferson gives a speech entitled “Household Balance Sheets” at the Martin H. Crego Lecture in Economics, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York.
· US Federal Reserve Board Open Market Committee Minutes are released.
· USA MBA Mortgage Market Index (February/14)/ Housing Starts (January)/ Redbook (February/15)/ NY Fed Treasury Purchases 22.5 to 30 yrs/ API Crude Oil Stock Change (February/14
· Brazil Business Confidence (February)
· Argentina Leading Indicator (January)
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Vietnam’s Parliament vote on proposed rail line to China.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Bank of Japan Member of the Policy Board member Jajimi Takata gives a speech to local business leaders in Miyagi, Japan.
· New Zealand PPI Input & Output Q4/ RBNZ Interest Rate Decision/ RBNZ Press Conference
· Japan Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (January)/ Machinery Orders (December)
· Australia Westpac Leading Index (January)/ RBA Chart Pack/ Wage Price Index Q4
· China House Price Index (January)
· Indonesia Loan Growth (January)/ Interest Rate Decision/ Lending & Deposit Facility Rate (February)
· India M3 Money Supply (February/07)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· The European Commission will present its “vision” for agriculture.
· Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov will give an annual speech at Russia's State Duma on Russia's foreign policy priorities.
· The French Parliament will examine a no-confidence motion against Prime Minister Francois Bayrou tabled by the center-left Socialist Party for his recent controversial remarks on immigration.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Bank of England Executive Director for Payments Victoria Cleland speaks on a panel at the Currency Research Central Bank Payments summit in Paris on “what can be the next game changer.”
· Great Britain Inflation Rate (January)/ PPI Output & Input (January)/ Retail Price Index (January)
· Euro Area ECB Non-Monetary Policy Meeting/ Current Account (December)
· Italy Current Account (December)
· Ireland Residential Property Prices (December)
· Serbia Inflation Rate (January)/ Current Account (December)
· Russia PPI (January)
· Spain Consumer Confidence (January)
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· The leaders of five Arab countries hold a summit on Donald Trump's Gaza plan in Cairo. The leaders of Egypt, Qatar, the UAE, and Jordan will attend. Palestinian President Mahmud Abbas is rumored to be attending, too.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Oman Inflation Rate (January)
· Israel Inflation Expectations (February)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· South African Finance Minister Enoch Godongwana presents the annual national budget to parliament.
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Africa Inflation Rate (January)/ Retail Sales (December)
Thursday, February 20, 2025
Global
· G20 Foreign Ministers will gather in Johannesburg, South Africa, to meet. US Secretary of State Marco Rubio is expected to skip the meeting. Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and Russia's Sergei Lavrov will be there.
· The UN Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing on the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA), followed by consultations.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· U.S. Special Envoy for Ukraine and Russia Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg will visit Kyiv, Ukraine, for meetings regarding the Russia-Ukraine war and President Trump’s efforts to start peace talks.
· The US Senate’s Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee will hold a confirmation hearing for Linda McMahon to be Secretary of Education.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Federal Reserve Board Vice Chair for Supervision Michael Barr gives a speech on supervision and regulation at the Georgetown University Law Center in Washington, D.C.
· Federal Reserve Board Governor Adriana Kugler gives a speech entitled “Navigating Inflation Waves While Riding on the Phillips Curve” at the 2025 Whittington Lecture, McCourt School of Public Policy, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.
· St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank President Alberto Musalem speaks and participates in a moderated conversation on the U.S. economy and monetary policy before the Economic Club of New York.
· Chicago Federal Reserve Bank President Austan Goolsbee participates in a moderated question-and-answer session before the Chicagoland Chamber Mid-Market Chicago event.
· Mexico Retail Sales (December)/ Monetary Policy Meeting Minutes
· Canada New Housing Price Index (January)/ PPI (January)/ Raw Materials Prices (January)
· USA Initial Jobless Claims (February/15)/ Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing Index (February)/ Philly Fed CAPEX Index (February)/ CB Leading Index (January)/ EIA Natural Gas Stocks Change (February/14)/ EIA Crude Oil & Gasoline Stocks Change (February/14)/ 15- & 30-Year Mortgage Rate (February/20)/Fed Balance Sheet (February/19)
· Argentina Consumer Confidence (February)
· Colombia Cement Production (December)
· El Salvador Balance of Trade (January)
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· The Halifax International Security Forum starts a two-day conference in Taipei. It is the first time the Forum has been held in Taiwan, and the conference's theme is to "highlight Taiwan's thriving democracy for global leaders," with a series of on- and off-the-record discussions.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Korea Consumer Confidence (February)/ PPI (January)
· Japan Foreign Bond Investment (February/15)/ Stock Investment by Foreigners (February/15)
· Australia Unemployment Rate (January)/ Participation Rate (January)
· China Loan Prime Rate 1Y & 5Y (February)
· Indonesia Current Account Q4/ M2 Money Supply (January)
· Malaysia Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (January)
· Taiwan Export Orders (January)/ Current Account Q4
· Hong Kong Inflation Rate (January)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· Ukraine Foreign Minister Andriy Sybiga is due to address the IISS-Asia strategic think tank in Singapore (the Shangri La Conference).
· Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban gives the annual State of the Nation speech.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Sasha Mills, executive director of financial market infrastructure at the Bank of England, speaks at the UK T+1 Accelerated Settlement Market event hosted by KPMG in London.
· Germany PPI (January)/ Bundesbank Nagel Speech
· Switzerland Balance of Trade (January)
· Turkey Consumer Confidence (February)/ Foreign Exchange Reserves (February/14)/ Central Government Debt (January)
· Greece Current Account (December)
· Italy Construction Output (December)
· Poland Corporate Sector Wages (January)/ Employment Growth (January)/ Industrial Production (January)/ PPI (January)
· Slovenia Consumer Confidence (February)
· Ireland Inflation Rate (January)
· Euro Area Construction Output (December)/ Consumer Confidence Flash (February)
· Great Britain CBI Industrial Trends Orders (February)/ Gfk Consumer Confidence (February)
· Slovakia Current Account (December)/ Unemployment Rate (January)
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Kuwait Inflation Rate (January)
· Qatar M2 Money Supply (January)/ Total Credit Growth (January)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· The French Army will officially hand over control of their military base in Abidjan, Ivory Coast – one of France’s last outposts in Africa.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Africa Building Permits (December)
· Ivory Coast Inflation Rate (December)/ Inflation Rate (January)
· Mozambique GDP Growth Rate Q4
· Egypt Interest Rate Decision/ Overnight Lending Rate
Friday, February 21, 2025
Global
· Nothing significant to report.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Federal Reserve Vice Chair Philip N. Jefferson gives a speech on Central Bank Communication at the Macroeconomics and Monetary Policy Conference, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
· Mexico GDP Growth Rate Final Q4/ Economic Activity (December)
· Canada Retail Sales (December)/ Retail Sales Final (December)/ BoC Gov Macklem Speech
· USA S&P Global Composite/ Services/ Manufacturing PMI Flash (February)/ Existing Home Sales (January)/ Michigan Consumer Sentiment Final (February)/Baker Hughes Oil Rig Count (February/21)
· Paraguay Interest Rate Decision
· Brazil Federal Tax Revenues (January)
· Costa Rica Balance of Trade (January)
· Peru GDP Growth Rate Q4
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Korea Business Confidence (February)
· New Zealand Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (January)
· Australia S&P Global Australia Composite/ Services/ Manufacturing PMI (February)
· Japan Reuters Tankan Index (February)/ Inflation Rate (January)/ Jibun Bank Composite/ Services/ Manufacturing PMI Flash (February)
· Malaysia Inflation Rate (January)
· India HSBC Composite/ Services/ Manufacturing PMI Flash (February)/ Monetary Policy Meeting Minutes/ Foreign Exchange Reserves (February/14)
· China FDI (YTD) (January)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· EU President Ursula von der Leyen will meet with Romanian Prime Minister Marcel Ciolacu.
Economic Reports/Events –
· European Central Bank Executive Board Member Philip R. Lane will give a keynote speech at the FIW-Research Conference on International Economics in Vienna, Austria.
· Great Britain Retail Sales (January)/ Public Sector Net Borrowing Ex Banks (January)/ Retail Sales ex Fuel (January)/ S&P Global Composite/ Services/ Manufacturing PMI Flash (February)
· France Business Confidence (February)/ Business Climate Indicator (February)/ HCOB Composite/ Services/ Manufacturing PMI Flash (February)
· Turkey Tourist Arrivals (January)
· Germany HCOB Composite/ Services/ Manufacturing PMI Flash (February)
· Euro Area HCOB Composite/ Services/ Manufacturing PMI Flash (February)
· Italy Inflation Rate Final (January)
· Ireland Wholesale Prices (January)
· Serbia PPI (January)
· Slovenia Unemployment Rate (December)
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Israel Manufacturing PMI (January)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nigeria GDP Growth Rate Q4
Saturday, February 22, 2025
Global
· Nothing significant to report.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Today is Independence Day in St. Lucia, a national holiday.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Japan's Defense Minister Gen Nakatani visits the Philippines for talks with his Filipino counterpart, Gilbert Teodoro, including about an intelligence-sharing agreement. The move follows Tokyo's supply of air defense radar equipment to Manila in 2023, and forms part of an effort to strengthen defense collaboration with like-minded countries around China.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Today is the Day of Fraternity and Cohesion Day in Algeria, a national holiday celebrating the revolution in 2019, throwing off the autocratic reign of power of President Abdelaziz Bouteflika.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Sunday, February 23, 2025
Global
· Nothing significant to report.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Today is Guyana Republic Day, a national holiday.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Today is Japanese Emperor Naruhito’s 65th birthday.
· Today is National Day in Brunei, a public holiday.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· Germany holds parliamentary elections that will determine the new leadership of the country. Christian Social Union leader Fredrik Mertz is seen as the likely next Chancellor. But it is unclear what sort of coalition he will after form to avoid the surging ultra-rightwing AfD Party.
· Russia celebrates Defender of the Fatherland Day, otherwise known in Russia as Men’s Day, aimed at honoring men who serve in the armed forces.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Hezbollah's former Secretary General Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah will be buried in Lebanon.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Israel Manufacturing Production (December)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Recommended Weekend Reads
Focus On The Indo-Pacific During Trump 2.0, Looking at US Debt in the Face of the Pending Tax and Budget Reconciliation, and Measuring Geoeconomic Power
Here are our recommended reads from reports and articles we read in the last week. We hope you find these useful and that you have a relaxing weekend. And let us know if you or someone you know wants to be added to our distribution list.
The Indo-Pacific Region
The Indo-Pacific: What You Need to Know Now The Rand Corporation
As the United States navigates a pivotal leadership transition, the Indo-Pacific region stands at the forefront of global strategic interests. The region is home to an uncertain mix of political disquiet, military peril, and economic potential, with issues like North Korea's nuclear ambitions, China's assertive territorial claims, and the delicate balance of power involving Taiwan shaping the narrative. All this makes the Indo-Pacific a crucial arena for U.S. foreign policy and the alliances and partnerships that will influence global trade and security frameworks moving forward. We asked a team of RAND researchers – some of the very best experts in the field - with deep expertise on the various countries that make up the Indo-Pacific to assess the issues, objectives, and outlook for the region at this critical moment.
Howdy Modi under Trump II The Interpreter (Lowry Institute/Australia)
The trajectory of India-US relations is on the upswing. The first Trump administration further strengthened the strategic partnership with India, taking significant steps to enhance bilateral defence and security cooperation. One notable move was the renaming of the US Pacific Command (PACOM) to the Indo-Pacific Command (INDOPACOM), underscoring India’s growing strategic role in the region. The administration also approved the sale of Sea Guardian drones to India, making it the first non-NATO country to acquire these advanced systems – a landmark development in defence ties. Additionally, India was granted Strategic Trade Authorization Tier-1 (STA-1)status, allowing access to license-free military and dual-use technologies, a privilege extended to only a select group of US partners.
Can China Cross the Strait? Council on Geostrategy’s China Observatory
‘Can does not mean will’ is a good starting point when discussing the future of cross-strait relations. It prevents a simplistically straight line being drawn between Xi Jinping’s call for his military to be ready to take Taiwan by 2027 and an invasion in two years’ time. A leader can wish to have an option without having a definite plan to pursue it. Moreover, even if Xi is confident he ‘can’, that is, have his troops physically land on and occupy Taiwan while defeating any American forces which may intervene, he will still need to ask himself: ‘at what cost?’ The answer to which will remain: ‘at a very high one’. Still, ‘can’ is important. While Xi remains unconfident, Washington and Taipei can feel more assured that so long as they do not act in a way whereby Beijing can cry ‘provocation’, a crisis is unlikely. When he thinks the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) – the PRC’s armed forces – is ready, however, the risk of a premeditated attack increases. So where do we stand?
Is the End of the Chinese Miracle the Start of More Trouble? Peterson Institute for International Economics
What will slower economic growth of China mean for the global economy and balance of power? How will US policy respond, and how should it respond? PIIE president Adam S. Posen delivered this presentation as part of the 2025 UC San Diego Economics Roundtable Lecture Series. Additionally, you can read Posen’s accompanying PowerPoint presentation HERE.
China’s Xi Is Building Economic Fortress Against U.S. Pressure Wall Street Journal
China is racing to make itself less reliant on the outside world’s products and technology—part of a yearslong effort by leader Xi Jinping to make China more self-sufficient and impervious to Western pressure as tensions with the U.S. rise. Beijing has poured hundreds of billions of dollars into favored industries, especially in high-end manufacturing, while exhorting business leaders to fall in line with the government’s priorities. In many ways, the effort is succeeding.
The 2025 Budget and Tax Reconciliation Debate
Assessing the Risks and Cost of the Rising US Federal Debt Economic Studies at Brookings
“A number of developments could set off a fiscal crisis. This study see four main sources of risk, not all of which are necessarily linked to the level and trajectory of the debt:
Demand or supply of Treasuries could abruptly shift for reasons unrelated to inflation or default risk such that interest rates spike, causing financial market disruptions that the Federal Reserve is unable or unwilling to mitigate.
Investors could come to believe that the U.S. Treasury might default on interest or principal payments because of political brinkmanship, and policymakers would be unable or unwilling to regain credibility.
The Federal Reserve could be perceived as abandoning its mandate to preserve price stability and instead allowing for hyperinflation.
The long-term fiscal outlook could deteriorate so significantly and so sharply that investors abruptly worry about some form of default, leading them to abandon Treasuries until policymakers take actions to rein in deficits.”
US sovereign wealth fund debate: a solution in search of a problem? OMFIF
On 3 February, President Donald Trump signed an executive order directing Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and Commerce Secretary-designate Howard Lutnick to develop a plan for a US sovereign wealth fund within 90 days. The idea is ambitious, but is it a good one? Would it even qualify as a SWF? Globally, well-regarded SWFs have clear mandates and specific funding mechanisms. The US proposal, as presented, lacks these elements, making it an unusual potential entrant in the SWF landscape. Understanding this distinction is critical in evaluating its feasibility and implications.
Trump Tax Priorities Total $5 to $11 Trillion Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget
In a closed-door meeting with House Leadership today, President Trump reportedly outlined his tax priorities. According to press reports, they included extending the expiring pieces of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA); expanding the State and Local Tax (SALT) deduction; enacting tax breaks for goods made in America; cutting taxes on income from tips, overtime pay, and Social Security benefits; and eliminating tax breaks for carried interest and stadium owners. Depending on the details of these proposals, our rough estimate is that a package of this nature would:
o Reduce revenue by $5.0 trillion to $11.2 trillion over ten years.
o Lower revenue by 1.3 to 3.0 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
o Boost debt to between 132 and 149 percent of GDP by 2035, if not offset, compared to nearly 100 percent today and 118 percent under current law.
Such a package could also lead to significant income shifting and tax avoidance, weaken the Medicare and possibly Social Security trust funds, dramatically boost interest costs, and increase the risk of a debt spiral.
Americas
Mexico Is Growing Old. Can It Build a Care System in Time? Americas Quarterly
Mexico will soon have to reckon with these kinds of challenges on a mass scale for one big reason: The country is growing old. Long able to trumpet having a large, young working population as a comparative advantage over its North American peers, Mexico’s median age will jump from 18 in 1987, when León left home, to 40 in 2050, per National Population Council projections. The country’s 60-year-long demographic dividend, the period when the working-age population outnumbers dependents, will come to an end in 2030—just as Claudia Sheinbaum’s presidency draws to a close.
Will Designating Cartels as Terrorists Help Fight Them? The Dialogue of the
As one of his first actions just hours after taking office on Jan. 20, U.S. President Donald Trump signed an executive order to designate international drug cartels and other gangs as foreign terrorist organizations. What will the order practically mean for the fight against organized crime groups? How useful will it be? How effective will cooperation be between U.S. authorities and their counterparts in Mexico and elsewhere in Latin America?
Africa
The Six Areas in Trump’s Executive Orders that Countries in Africa and the Global South Should Pay Attention to Carnegie Endowment for international Peace
There are six key issues addressed by Trump’s initial executive orders (EOs) that low- and middle-income countries in Africa and the Global South should pay close attention to: foreign aid, reframing energy diplomacy, the Global Tax Deal and U.S. FDI, global trade relations, WHO and global health, and spillovers of adversarial relations with China. While the Trump administration continues to implement these EOs, and indeed, facing the prospect that many aspects will be challenged in the courts, these initial executive orders provide a sense of the overarching policy direction.
Geoeconomics
Measuring Geoeocnomic Power: An Index for 41 Major Economies Finish Institute for International Economics
This Research Paper presents a set of methodologies and concepts for measuring the geoeconomic power of states – the potential to exert power over other states through economic means – and applies them to publicly available data covering 41 major economies from 2010 to 2022. This analysis leads to the development of a combined index of geoeconomic power, designed to reflect the supplier power of states in the areas of trade in goods, oil and oil products, and international finance. The main finding is that the United States is the world’s leading geoeconomic power, although it falls far short of being in a hegemonic position. Its lead over the second-largest geoeconomic power, the European Union, has grown in recent years. However, China’s geoeconomic power has expanded rapidly, almost matching that of the European Union in 2022. These recent shifts point to a more competitive and contested global order.
The Evolution of Global FDI: Patterns of Investment in Tax Havens and China Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Global foreign direct investment (FDI) has experienced remarkable growth over the past two decades. As the figure below shows, total global FDI liabilities1 have more than tripled, surging from about $21 trillion in 2006 to over $67 trillion by 2023. We can observe two periods of rapid expansion: 2006 to 2015, during which FDI liabilities more than doubled from about $21 trillion to over $45 trillion, and 2015 to 2023, during which they reached over $67 trillion despite the global COVID-19 pandemic.
U.S. Financial Regulatory Week Ahead
The OCC Gets An Acting Comptroller, The CFPB Is Ordered to Stop Doing Whatever It’s Doing, Congress Starts Moving on Crypto Legislation, And Treasury Gets a New Assistant Secretaries for Financial Markets and Financial Institutions
February 10 - 14, 2025
While President Trump has yet to nominate anyone to any major financial regulatory post other than the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) (Paul Atkins as Chair), he has overseen the installation of a number of acting heads. The latest is Rodney Hood as the Acting Comptroller of the Currency.
Hood, who served as Chair of the National Credit Union Administration during President Trump's first term and remained as Vice Chair during most of the Biden Administration, has a strong pedigree in banking, having held senior positions at Bank of America, Wells Fargo, and J.P. Morgan Chase.
What is interesting is that this is only an acting role. Hood reportedly does not want to be made full-time and will only serve until President Trump selects someone else. Hood joins the "Acting Club" with Caroline Pham as the Acting Chair of the Commodities Futures Trading Commission, Travis Hill as Acting Chair of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Mark Uyeda as Acting Chair of the SEC (until Atkins is confirmed), and Russel Voight (the newly confirmed Director of the Office of Management and Budget) as the Acting Director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB).
The CFPB is the hot topic of the week here in Washington, especially since Voight took over the Acting role from Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent. Voight has ordered agency employees not to come into work or perform any work tasks – including moving on any ongoing litigation. Moreover, Voight has instructed the Federal Reserve – which funds the CFPB out of its budget – not to send any more money as it is not "reasonably necessary to carry out its duties." What is clear is the Trump Administration wants to do away with the CFPB – to the loud cheering of virtually every financial institution regulated by the agency – and, if they cannot outright shut it down, then starve it to death financially.
The National Treasury Employees Union, which represents CFPB employees, has sued Voight, asking a judge to halt his orders and block Elon Musk's DOGE staffers from accessing internal CFPB communications systems. If you go to the CFPB's website, you get the always ominous "404: Page Not Found" message (see screenshot below).
Over at Treasury this past week, there were two particularly important nominations for the financial services sector. Jason Trennert, the founder and Chair of Strategas Research Partners, was nominated to the role of Treasury Assistant Secretary for Financial Markets, and Luke Pettit, an aide to Senator Hagerty and previously at Bridgewater Associates and, before that, the Federal Reserve, was nominated to be Treasury Assistant Secretary for Financial Institutions.
Meanwhile, on Capitol Hill, the Senate Banking Committee and House Financial Services Committee continue rapidly accelerating their legislative strategies for the year. House Financial Services Chair French Hill (R-Ark.) and his top deputy on cryptocurrency policy unveiled a draft bill last week to create a stablecoins regulatory structure. The legislation closely mirrors legislation offered in the Senate by Senator Bill Hagerty (R-TN) and co-sponsored by Senate Banking Committee Chair Tim Scott (R-SC) and a number of other members.
There is not much happening at the regulatory agencies this coming week. The big events are Federal Reserve Board Chair Jay Powell's semi-annual testimony before Congress on the State of the Economy and Governor Christopher Waller's interesting and timely speech in San Francisco on Stablecoins.
Below is what else we are watching in the Washington financial regulatory world this coming week:
U.S. Congressional Hearings
U.S. Senate
Tuesday, February 11, 10:00 a.m. – The Senate Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee holds a hearing on "The Semiannual Monetary Policy Report to the Congress." Federal Reserve Board Chair Jerome Powell will testify.
House of Representatives
Tuesday, February 11, 10:00 a.m. – The House Agriculture Committee holds a hearing entitled “Examining the Economic Crisis in Farm Country.”
Tuesday, February 11, 10:00 a.m. – The House Judiciary Administrative State, Regulatory Reform, and Antitrust Subcommittee holds a hearing on "Reining in the Administrative State: Regulatory and Administrative Law Reform."
Tuesday, February 11, 2:30 p.m. – The House Financial Services Digital Assets, Financial Technology, and Artificial Intelligence Subcommittee holds a hearing on "A Golden Age of Digital Assets: Charting a Path Forward."
Wednesday, February 12, 10:00 a.m. – The House Financial Services Committee holds a hearing on "The Federal Reserve's Semi-Annual Monetary Policy Report." Federal Reserve Board Chair Jerome Powell will testify.
Wednesday, February 12, 10:00 a.m. – The House Small Business Committee holds a hearing on "Driving Economic Growth: SBA Lending Programs and the Vital Role of Community Banks."
Federal Department & Regulatory Agency Meetings & Events
Federal Reserve Board and Federal Reserve Banks
Tuesday, February 11, 3:30 p.m. – Federal Reserve Board Governor Michelle W. Bowman gives a speech on Bank Regulation at the 2025 Iowa Bankers Association Bank Management and Policy Conference.
Wednesday, February 12, 5:05 p.m. – Federal Reserve Board Governor Christopher J. Waller gives a speech on stablecoins at the A Very Stable Conference: Stablecoin Infrastructure for Real World Applications, San Francisco, California.
U.S. Treasury Department
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Department of Commerce
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Department of Housing and Urban Development
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Securities and Exchange Commission
Thursday, February 13, 2:00 p.m. – The SEC will hold a Closed Meeting.
Commodities Futures Trading Commission
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
Tuesday, February 11, 1:00 p.m. – Consumer Financial Protection Bureau holds a virtual meeting of the Consumer Advisory Board to discuss broad policy matters related to the Bureau's Unified Regulatory Agenda and general scope of authority (NOTE: This meeting is likely to be cancelled).
Wednesday, February 12, 1:00 p.m. – The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau holds a virtual meeting of the Combined Community Bank Advisory Council and Credit Union Advisory Council to discuss broad policy matters related to the Bureau's Unified Regulatory Agenda and general scope of authority (NOTE: This meeting is likely to be canceled).
National Credit Union Administration
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
FINRA
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Federal Housing Finance Agency
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Federal Trade Commission & Department of Justice Antitrust Division
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Farm Credit Administration
Thursday, February 13, 10:00 a.m. – The FCA Board of Directors holds a meeting to consider a regulatory burden final notice.
Farm Credit Insurance Corporation
Wednesday, February 12, 10:00 a.m. – the FCSIC Board of Director will hold a meeting. The agenda includes review and setting of insurance premium accrual rates (Open); Policy statement concerning contracting (Open); Report on biennial liquidity assistance exercise (Closed); Annual report on Contracts (Closed); and Annual report on whistleblower activity (Closed)
Small Business Administration
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
International Monetary Fund & World Bank
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
North American Securities Administrators Association
There are no significant events scheduled at this time.
Trade Associations & Think Tank Events
Trade Associations
Tuesday, February 11, 9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. – The Institute for International Bankers holds its 2025 U.S. Regulatory & Compliance Orientation Conference in New York.
Think Tanks and Other Events
Monday – Tuesday, February 10 – 11 – Compliance Week holds its “Cyber Risk & Data Privacy Summit” in Washington, D.C.
Monday – Tuesday, February 10 – 11 – The Washington International Trade Association holds its 2025 Washington International Trade Conference. Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Chairman Tim Scott (R-S.C.) delivers a luncheon keynote address on Monday.
Tuesday, February 11, 3:00 p.m. – the Federalist Society will hold a virtual discussion entitled Cryptocurrency after the Election.”
Thursday, February 13, 9:00 a.m. – PunchBowl News hosts "The Summit: Tax Policy," discussing tax policy in the new administration.
Thursday, February 13, 9:00 a.m. – The Peterson Institute for International Economics holds a virtual event entitled “Is “Twin Peaks’ the Future of Financial Supervision?”
Thursday, February 13, 9:45 a.m. – The Brookings Institution holds a conference entitled “The Outlook for Retirement Security in a New Congress.”
Thursday, February 13, 11:00 a.m. – The Urban Institute holds a virtual discussion, beginning at 11 a.m., on "Recapitalizing the GSEs (government-sponsored enterprises) through Administrative Action: Impact on Mortgage Rates and the MBS (mortgage-backed security) Market."
Global Week Ahead
The AI Action Summit Convenes in Paris, Trump Meets with Indian Prime Minister Modi as Secretary of State Rubio Meets with EU Foreign Ministers, and Powell Goes to Capitol Hill
February 9 - 16, 2025
Europe serves as the host of two important geopolitical events this week. First, the growing opportunity and risk of Artificial Intelligence (AI) dominate the attention of world leaders and prominent business CEOs this week as the AI Action Summit kicks off in Paris. Co-hosted by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and French President Emmanuel Macron, the event will include attendees from 80 countries, including U.S. Vice President J.D. Vance, Google CEO Sundar Pichai, and OpenAI CEO Sam Altman. There are expected to be more than 100 side events, and in total, more than 10,000 people will attend. The event is expected to focus on both the risks and opportunities AI offers.
Second, European foreign ministers will gather and meet with newly sworn-in U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio on Wednesday for the first time. Rubio will also meet with Ukrainian Foreign minster Andrii Sybiha to discuss the situation in Ukraine and likely President Trump’s plans to seek a peace treaty with Russia. Rubio will then travel on to the Munich Security Conference in Germany following by visits to Israel, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to discuss the situation in Gaza, Lebanon, Syria, and Iran.
While all this is going on, in the U.S., President Trump will meet with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in Washington to discuss trade issues and how to further expand the mutual defense and security relationship between India and the U.S. including the opportunity for India to increase purchases of leading U.S. military technology. The relationship between Trump and Modi was strong during his first term and has remained so ever since. What market are likely to be focused on most of all is any discussion between the two leaders over attracting manufacturing in China to India and the U.S.
Looking at the global economic radar screen this coming week, markets will be focused on Federal Reserve Board Chair Jay Powell’s semiannual economic reports to Congress. Powell starts Tuesday when he testifies before the Senate Banking Committee and then on Wednesday before the House Financial Services Committee.
Powell’s testimony comes as US CPI, retail sales, and industrial production reports are released this week.
Turning to Asia, China’s CPI and PPI are out this week, and Japan’s Economy Watchers Survey and PPI are released this week. In Europe, the UK’s 4th quarter GDP is out as European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde meets with the European Parliament to discuss the economy and ECB policy.
Below is what else we are watching closely in the coming week:
Sunday, February 9, 2025
Global
· Nothing significant to report.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Ecuador holds presidential elections and parliamentary elections. 137 seats in the National Assembly are up for a vote. And incumbent President Daniel Noboa is likely to win re-election.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Peru Balance of Trade (December)
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Japanese asset freeze sanctions on 18 Chinese companies for helping Russia evade sanctions will go into effect.
Economic Reports/Events –
· China Inflation Rate (January)/ PPI (January)
· Indonesia Motorbike Sales (January)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania will transition from the Soviet-era BRELL grid to the Continental Europe Synchronous Area.
· Kosovo holds parliamentary elections for 120 seats.
· Lichtenstein holds parliamentary elections.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Prince Karim Al-Hussaini, the Aga Khan IV and spiritual leader of Ismaili Muslims will be buried in Aswan, Egypt.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Monday, February 10, 2025
Global
· The AI Action Summit convenes in Paris begins in Paris. It will be co-chaired by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and French President Emmanuel Macron. Multiple leaders from around the world are expected to attend.
· United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres travels to Paris to attend the AI Action Summit. He is expected to meet with French President Emmanuel Macron and other leaders on the sidelines of the Summit to discuss other issues including Ukraine, Syria, and Gaza.
· The United Nations he Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing on threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Candidates for the Organization of American States' new secretary general will present their candidacies.
· The Delphi Forum will begin in Washington, D.C. The Greek-focused forum will include speakers from Congress and business.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Mexico Auto Production (January)
· Brazil Car Production (January)/ New Car Registrations (January)/ BCB Focus Market Readout
· Canada Bank of Canada Market Participants Survey
· USA Consumer Inflation Expectations (January)
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· China’s new targeted 10 percent tariffs on the US are due to take effect.
· Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi travels to Paris to co-chair the AI Action Summit through Tuesday. He goes on to Washington to meet with President Trump on Wednesday and Thursday.
· Cook Islands Prime Minister Mark Brown will visit China through February 14. New Zealand has objected to the meetings over security concerns.
· US and South Korean military forces will take part in a live-fire training exercise in South Korea.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Japan Current Account (December)/ Bank Lending (January)/ Eco Watchers Survey Current (January)
· Australia Building Permits (December)/ Private House Approvals (December)
· Indonesia Consumer Confidence (January)
· Malaysia Unemployment Rate (December)/ Construction Output Q4
· Kazakhstan Current Account Q4
· China New Yuan Loans (January)/ M2 Money Supply (January)/ Outstanding Loan Growth (January)/ Total Social Financing (January)/ Vehicle Sales (January)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· There will be an informal meeting of EU Ministers for Development in Warsaw, Poland.
· German Defense Minister Boris Pistorius will meet European Commissioner for Defense Andrius Kubilius in Berlin, Germany.
· Church of England General Synod meeting begins. On the agenda are safeguarding proposals following the independent review by Keith Makin into the church’s handling of allegations of serious abuse by the late Archbishop John Smyth and other church leaders.
Economic Reports/Events –
· European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde will brief member of the European Parliament on
the state of European and global economic affairs as well as giving an update on the European Central Bank’s activities. The meeting takes place in Strasbourg, France.
· Bank of England Executive Director for Financial Market Infrastructure Sasha Mills will deliver remarks at the Chair/CEO/INEDs Roundtable for UK Financial Market Infrastructure firms.
· Netherlands Manufacturing Production (December)
· Romania Balance of Trade (December)
· Turkey Industrial Production (December)/ Unemployment Rate (December)/ Industrial Production (December)/ Participation Rate (December)
· Slovenia Industrial Production (December)
· Greece Industrial Production (December)
· Euro Area ECB President Lagarde Speech
· Belarus Inflation Rate (January)
· Germany Bundesbank Balz Speech
· Hungary Budget Balance (December)
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Iran’ celebrates Revolution Day, a national holiday.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Saudi Arabia Industrial Production (December)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Egypt Inflation Rate (January)
· South Africa SACCI Business Confidence (December)/ SACCI Business Confidence (January)
· Tanzania Inflation Rate (January)
Tuesday, February 11, 2025
Global
· Nothing significant to report.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Federal Reserve Board Chair Jerome Powell will testify before the Senate Banking Committee to present his Semiannual Monetary Policy Report.
· Jordan's King Abdullah II will meet with U.S. President Donald Trump in Washington, D.C. They will discuss the situation in Gaza as well as Syria. Abdullah is also expected to discuss the pause of US Agency for International Development (AID) aid to Jordan which has been paused.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Federal Reserve Board Governor Michelle W. Bowman gives a speech on Bank Regulation at the 2025 Iowa Bankers Association Bank Management and Policy Conference.
· Cleveland Federal Reserve Bank President Beth Hammack speaks on the economic outlook before the University of Kentucky Gatton School of Business and Economics 2025 Economic Outlook Conference.
· New York Federal Reserve Bank President John Williams gives keynote remarks before the Pace University Economics Society in New York.
· USA NFIB Business Optimism Index (January)/ Redbook (February/08)/WASDE Report/ API Crude Oil Stock Change (February/07)
· Brazil Inflation Rate (January)
· Mexico Industrial Production (December)
· Canada Building Permits (December)
· El Salvador PPI (January)
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· The Philippine midterm election season for parliamentary and local elections officially begins.
· Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing (TSMC) Board of Directors holds its first board meeting in the US. They will visit the company’s Arizona facility – its first cutting edge facility to build overseas.
· Japan celebrates National Foundation Day, a national holiday celebrating the founding of the nation in 660BC. Government offices, schools, banks and many companies close for the day
Economic Reports/Events –
· Australia Westpac Consumer Confidence Index (February)/ NAB Business Confidence (January)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· Members of the European Parliament and representatives from the European Commission and the Polish Council Presidency will assess the current state of EU-US trade relations, multilateralism, and the EU’s potential responses if the US imposes tariffs on European products.
· Members of the European Parliament will meet to discuss how to address the US government’s recent decision to restrict the export of AI Chips to certain EU Member States.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Bank of England Governor Andrew Bailey gives a keynote speech at the London campus of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, titled “Are we underestimating changes in financial markets?”
· European Central Bank Board Member Isabel Schnabel participates in the Nuremberg Talks Series' panel discussion organized by Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung in Nürnberg, Germany.
· Bank of England Member of the Monetary Policy Committee Catherine Mann gives a speech at Leeds Beckett Univeristy on “Economic Prospects.”
· Great Britain BRC Retail Sales Monitor (January)
· Ireland Construction PMI (January)
· France Unemployment Rate Q4
· Turkey Retail Sales (December)/ Auto Production (January)/ Auto Sales (January)
· Hungary Inflation Rate (January)
· Slovakia Construction Output (December)
· Russia Balance of Trade (December)
· Ukraine Inflation Rate (January)
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Israel Consumer Confidence (January)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Bruno Lemarquis, the United Nation’s Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General, Resident Coordinator and Humanitarian Coordinator for the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). He will brief reporters virtually on the situation in the DRC.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Africa Manufacturing Production (December)
Wednesday, February 12, 2025
Global
· The United Nation’s Security Council is scheduled to hold a vote linked to the 1591 Committee (dealing with Sudan). Also, in the morning, the Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing on the Middle East, followed by consultation on the Middle East (Syria).
· OPEC Monthly Oil Market Report is released.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Federal Reserve Board Chair Jerome Powell will testify before the House Financial Services Committee to present his Semiannual Monetary Policy Report.
· Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi will visit Washington, D.C. for meetings with President Trump through February 13. The discussions are likely to focus on India’s trade surplice and how to improve Indian investment in the US. They will also discuss how to continue to attract manufacturing in China to both India and the US. A big focus will be on the growing defense cooperation between the two countries.
· Ontario premier Doug Ford, chair of the Council of the Federation, leads a joint mission of Canadian premiers to Washington to meet key members of the Trump administration, Congress and business leaders to lobby for maintaining strong Canada-US relations.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Federal Reserve Board Governor Christopher J. Waller gives a speech on stablecoins at the A Very Stable Conference: Stablecoin Infrastructure for Real World Applications, San Francisco, California.
· Atlanta Federal Reserve Bank President Raphael Bostic will give remarks at the Atlanta Chapter of the National Association of Corporate Directors.
· USA MBA Purchase Index (February/07)/ Inflation Rate (January)/ CPI (January)/ Fed Chair Powell Testimony/ EIA Crude Oil & Gasoline Stocks Change (February/07)/ Fed Bostic Speech/ Monthly Budget Statement (January)/ Fed Waller Speech
· Canada BoC Summary of Deliberations
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Vietnam holds an Extraordinary Session of the National Assembly in Hanoi through February 17. The meeting brings together the Standing Boards of the National Assembly with the Government’s party Committees and they will focus on national defense and security, approve four laws and five resolutions designed to revamp institutional frameworks.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Australia Home Loans Q4/ Investment Lending for Homes Q4
· Indonesia Retail Sales (December)
· Malaysia Retail Sales (December)
· Japan Machine Tool Orders (January)
· Philippines Foreign Direct Investment NOV
· India Industrial Production (December)/ Inflation Rate (January)/ Manufacturing Production (December)
· Thailand Consumer Confidence (January)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· UK Defense Minister John Healey convenes the Ukraine Defense Contact Grupo in Ramstein, Germany.
· US Secretary of State Marco Rubio will join the foreign ministers from France, Germany, Poland, Italy, the United Kingdom and Spain will meet with Ukrainian Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha in Paris, France.
· EU President Ursula von der Leyen meeting with Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau in Brussels.
Economic Reports/Events –
· European Central Bank Board Member Frank Elderson participates in a fireside chat at MNI Connect event.
· Megan Greene, Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee member Megan Greene speaks on the impact of global developments on the UK at the Institute of Directors in London.
· The European Central Bank releases its Economic Bulletin on the EU’s Green investment needs in the EU and their funding.
· Italy Industrial Production (December)
· Euro Area ECB Elderson Speech
· Germany Bundesbank Mauderer Speech/ Current Account (December)/ Bundesbank Nagel Speech
· Hungary Monetary Policy Meeting Minutes
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan will meet with Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. Erdogan will also attend the High-Level Strategic Cooperation Council meetings (HLSCC) in Indonesia and Pakistan. Erdogan will also travel to Malaysia.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Jordan Industrial Production (December)/ Inflation Rate (January)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· The African Union (AU) Assembly and the AU Executive Council will meet in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Angola Wholesale Prices (December)/ Inflation Rate (January)
Thursday, February 13, 2025
Global
· The United Nations Security Council is scheduled to hold a briefing on the Middle East, followed by a consultation on the Middle East (Yemen).
· The International Energy Administration releases its February Oil Market Report.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio will travel to the Munich Security Conference in Germany and then will travel on to Israel, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Saudi Arabia through February 18.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Brazil Retail Sales (December)
· USA Initial Jobless Claims (February/08)/ PPI (January)/ EIA Natural Gas Stocks Change (February/07)/ Total Household Debt Q4/ 15- & 30-Year Mortgage Rate (February/13)/ Fed Balance Sheet (February/12)
· Argentina Inflation Rate (January)
· Paraguay Balance of Trade (January)
· Uruguay Interest Rate Decision
· Peru Interest Rate Decision
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Mongolian Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai will travel to China to sign an agreement on a cross-border rail line for transporting coal.
· The Indonesia Motor Show begins in Jakarta and runs through February 23. More than 30 auto manufacturers will be in attendance.
Economic Reports/Events –
· New Zealand Electronic Retail Card Spending (January)/ Business Inflation Expectations Q1
· Japan PPI (January)
· Philippines Interest Rate Decision
· Kazakhstan Unemployment Rate Q4
· Indonesia Car Sales (January)
· India Passenger Vehicles Sales (January)
· Philippines Cash Remittances (December)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· NATO Defense Chiefs are scheduled to meet in Brussels.
· French President Emmanuel Macron hosts a conference on Syria in Paris to support a fair and inclusive political.
· Pope Francis hosts a workshop, Tax Justice and Solidarity, with speakers including former South African president Thabo Mbeki and Brazil’s current president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
Economic Reports/Events –
· European Central Bank Board Member Piero Cipollone gives a pre-recorded interview at the Frankfurt Digital Finance Conference 2025.
· Great Britain RICS House Price Balance (January)/ GDP (December)/ Business Investment Q4/ Goods Trade Balance (December)/ Balance of Trade (December)/ Construction Orders (December)/ Industrial Production (December)/ Manufacturing Production (December)/ NIESR Monthly GDP Tracker (January)
· Netherlands Inflation Rate (January)
· Germany Inflation Rate (January)/ Bundesbank Nagel Speech
· Romania Industrial Production (December)/ Current Account (December)
· Turkey Current Account (December)/ Foreign Exchange Reserves (February/07)
· Hungary Industrial Production (December)
· Switzerland Inflation Rate (January)
· Euro Area ECB Cipollone Speech/ ECB Economic Bulletin/ Industrial Production (December)
· France IEA Oil Market Report
· Poland GDP Growth Rate Q4/ Balance of Trade (December)/ Current Account (December)
· Serbia Interest Rate Decision
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Israel Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (January)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Africa Gold Production (December)/ Mining Production (December)
Friday, February 14, 2025
Global
· Nothing significant to report.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Canada Manufacturing Sales (December)/ New Motor Vehicle Sales (December)/ Wholesale Sales (December)/ Senior Loan Officer Survey
· USA Export & Import Prices (January)/ Retail Sales (January)/ Capacity Utilization (January)/ Industrial Production (January)/ Manufacturing Production (January)/ Business Inventories (December)/ Retail Inventories Ex Autos (December)/ Baker Hughes Oil Rig Count (February/14)
· Colombia Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (December)/ Consumer Confidence (January)/ Industrial Production (December)/ Retail Sales (December)
· Paraguay Consumer Confidence (January)
· Uruguay Industrial Production (December)
· Ecuador Balance of Trade (December)
· Peru GDP Growth Rate (December)/ Unemployment Rate (January)
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· South Korea Export & Import Prices (January)/ Unemployment Rate (January)
· New Zealand Business NZ PMI (January)/ Food Inflation (January)
· Japan Foreign Bond Investment (February/08)/ Stock Investment by Foreigners (February/08)
· Australia Consumer Inflation Expectations (February)
· Indonesia Property Price Index Q4
· Malaysia GDP Growth Rate Q4/ Current Account Q4
· India WPI Food Index (January)/ WPI Fuel (January)/ WPI Inflation (January)/ WPI Manufacturing (January)/ Bank Loan Growth (January/31)/ Deposit Growth (January/31)/ Foreign Exchange Reserves (February/07)/ Imports/ Exports/ Balance of Trade (January)
· Kazakhstan GDP Growth Rate Q4/ GDP (January)
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· The Munich Security Forum begins.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Netherlands Balance of Trade (December)/ GDP Growth Rate Q4/ Household Consumption (December)
· Germany Wholesale Prices (January)
· Romania GDP Growth Rate Q4/ Inflation Rate (January)/ Interest Rate Decision
· Hungary Construction Output (December)
· Switzerland Producer & Import Prices (January)
· Slovakia GDP Growth Rate Q4
· Spain Inflation Rate (January)
· Poland Inflation Rate (January)
· Slovenia GDP Growth Rate Q4
· Euro Area GDP Growth Rate Q4/ Employment Change Q4
· Greece Inflation Rate (January)
· Russia Interest Rate Decision/ CBR Press Conference/ Inflation Rate (January)
· Serbia Building Permits (December)
· Ukraine Interest Rate Decision/ Balance of Trade (December)
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Israel Inflation Rate (January)/ M1 Money Supply (January)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Egypt Unemployment Rate Q4
· Nigeria Food Inflation (January)/ Inflation Rate (January)
Saturday, February 15, 2025
Global
· Nothing significant to report.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· Abkhazia holds presidential elections following the resignation of Aslan Bzhania following wide-spread national protests.
· Taiwan holds local by-elections.
· Togo holds senatorial legislative elections.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· Serbia celebrates Statehood Day, a two-day national holiday marking the day in 1804 when the first Serbian Uprising took place.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· The African Union (AU) Summit begins in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Sunday, February 16, 2025
Global
· Nothing significant to report.
Americas
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Asia
Political/Social Events –
· North Korea has a national holiday celebrating the birth of former leader Kim Jon-il who died in 2011.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Europe
Political/Social Events –
· In Germany, Chancellor Olaf Scholz, his conservative challenger Friedrich Merz plus Alice Weidel of the AfD and Robert Habeck from the Greens take part in a four-way TV debate on German channel RTL ahead of next week’s federal election
Economic Reports/Events –
· Euro Area Eurogroup Meeting
Middle East
Political/Social Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Saudi Arabia Inflation Rate (January)/ Wholesale Prices (January)
Africa
Political/Social Events –
· The African Union Heads of State and Government Summit finishes.
Economic Reports/Events –
· Nothing significant to report.
Recommended Weekend Reads
The Power Requirements for AI Growth in the U.S., The Future of the USMCA, How Vietnam is Being Impacted By U.S. – China Trade Tensions, and How Russia Sees Trump’s Bid to Buy Greenland
February 7 - 9, 2025
Please find below our recommended reads from reports and articles we read in the last week. We hope you find these useful and that you have a relaxing weekend. And let us know if you or someone you know wants to be added to our distribution list.
Energy Requirements for Growing AI Capability
AI’s Power Requirements Under Exponential Growth Rand Corporation
Larger training runs and widespread deployment of future artificial intelligence (AI) systems may demand a rapid scale-up of computational resources (compute) that require unprecedented amounts of power. In this report, the authors extrapolate two exponential trends in AI compute to estimate AI data center power demand and assess its geopolitical consequences. They find that globally, AI data centers could need ten gigawatts (GW) of additional power capacity in 2025, which is more than the total power capacity of the state of Utah. If exponential growth in chip supply continues, AI data centers will need 68 GW in total by 2027 — almost a doubling of global data center power requirements from 2022 and close to California's 2022 total power capacity of 86 GW.
The Western Hemisphere
The Future of the USMCA Peterson Institute for International Economics
Since 2020, the last year of President Donald Trump’s first term in office, the often-quarrelsome trade relations among the three major countries of North America have been governed by the United States-Mexico-Canada trade agreement (USMCA). The pact must be renewed in 2026, but Trump has threatened withdrawing and imposing tariffs on Canada and Mexico, leaving the future of relations with two of the most important US trading partners uncertain. This guide explains why the agreement is under scrutiny, what’s at stake under different scenarios, and possible paths forward for negotiators if the current crisis is defused. This page will be updated as the trade deal is subjected to a new round of disputes and possible adjustments in President Trump’s second term.
Sheinbaum Isn’t Tempering Her Ambitions for Mexico’s Economy World Politics Review
Last month, President Claudia Sheinbaum unveiled “Plan Mexico,” an economic and development roadmap that aims to boost the Mexican economy through new public and private investments in a range of sectors, and new development-friendly policies. Among its principal aims are to create 1.5 million jobs in advanced manufacturing, increase investment as a proportion of GDP by 4 percent and grow Mexico’s economy from the 13th largest in the world currently to 10th by 2030. The plan is undoubtedly ambitious and comes at a time when the Mexican economy faces significant headwinds and uncertainty amid the threat of tariffs from the United States, as well as an overall deceleration of the economy, which grew at a modest pace of 1.8 percent in 2024, below the average of 2.4 percent for Latin America
Canadian Tariffs Will Undermine U.S. Mineral Security Center for Strategic and International Studies
As the United States races to reduce its reliance on China for minerals vital for national, economic, and energy security, tariffs with Canada may drastically undermine these efforts. Canada is the biggest source of the United States mineral imports, providing key sources of uranium, aluminum, nickel, steel copper, and niobium. To put it into perspective, in 2023, Canada accounted for $47 billion of United States mineral imports. China followed with $28.3 billion. The consequences of tariffs would be particularly profound for the defense industry, nuclear energy, and heavy manufacturing. A 25 percent tariff on Canadian mineral imports could cost U.S. off-takers an additional $11.75 billion—a figure that would increase as base metal and uranium prices recover. Canada would likely adopt retaliatory tariffs, as they did when Trump imposed Section 232 tariffs on steel and aluminum imports from Canada in 2018 and 2020 (backing down both times). In 2023, the United States sent $30.7 billion in minerals to Canada. The retaliatory tariffs could lead Canadian firms to pay an estimated additional $7.6 billion in tariffs, encouraging them to turn to other import sources for off-take, further undermining U.S. firms.
What Trump’s Trade War Would Mean, in Nine Charts Council on Foreign Relations
Although President Trump’s threated tariffs on Canada and Mexico have been delayed 30 days, what he has proposed could upend U.S. trade. These nine charts show what’s at stake, what comes next, and why it matters.
Trump’s Greenland Play: The View From Moscow The National Interest
The Russia-U.S. relationship (or lack thereof) has long dominated Arctic geopolitics. Geography makes the two neighbors and stakeholders sharing the challenges of a warming region. President Trump’s enduring interest in acquiring Greenland injects further potential geostrategic challenges in the region’s icy arena. When the idea was floated during his initial term in office, the immediate response from Russian leadership, state-operated media, and the public was a flood of memes. The second time around, however, Russia’s domestic discourse has a more strategic flavor. Discussions now appear to focus less on the “novelty” of such an acquisition and more on understanding the “objectives.” Three potential scenarios for U.S.-Greenland relations are being debated in Moscow in terms of the strategic implications for Russia.
Indo-Pacific
Factors Shaping the Future of China's Military Rand Corporation
China's population is declining, which will cause problems for China but not necessarily for the PLA. Fertility patterns in China are similar to those observed in other countries. This suggests that revoking the one-child policy will continue to have a smaller effect on population size than the Chinese government may have assumed, and that China's population will continue to shrink in the future. Despite this stark change, China's youth population will remain more than three times the size of the United States' youth population in the near term. China's current challenges include how to sustain economic growth as the economy matures and the population ages. Although demographic patterns in China are similar to those seen in other countries, comparisons should be made with caution; China's immense size means that small within-country changes could have large global impacts. The PLA's primary demographic challenge—which includes cultural, social, and political components—will be whether it can build and develop the type of military that Xi envisions.
The Hoover Institution’s Survey of India Hoover Institution/Stanford University
In this comprehensive volume, the authors offer a panoramic and analytical overview of developments in multiple policy arenas in India over the past year while simultaneously providing appropriate historical context. The range of policy issues covered includes politics, demography, the economy, foreign policy, health, education, science, energy, and defense. For each chapter, specialists share historical background, the state of current policy choices, and likely future trends.
China Teeters Ever Closer to a “Lost Decade” Hinrich Foundation/Stewart Paterson
Aggressive economic stimulus measures dished out by China’s financial regulators are doing little to revive a stagnating economy. The decline in the efficiency of Chinese investment has led to a capital stock that is now bloated relative to the returns that it generates, threatening a full-scale financial crisis. As Beijing tries to avoid a Japan-style ‘lost decade’ of growth, the government doesn't appear able to come up with new ideas to solve its conundrum.
Trade Policy and Jobs in Vietnam: The Unintended Consequences of US-China Trade Tensions International Monetary Fund
“We use the US-China tariffs of 2018-19 as an exogenous shock to export opportunities in Vietnam to identify how trade policy affects job creation. Using a difference-in-differences framework, we first show that US tariffs on China increased the range of products exported by Vietnam to the US in the two years after the hikes. We then show using firm level data that this expansion in export opportunities led to job creation. Around 5% extra jobs were created in firms hit with average tariffs above 15%. Results point towards this effect being driven mostly by female employment.”
China and the Future of Global Supply Chains Rhodium Group
In this study, the Rhodium Group reviews China’s role in four major sectors—apparel, consumer electronics, PV, and autos—over the past decade, then consider four plausible scenarios to 2030 and their implications for China’s future role in global trade and investment patterns.
Russia’s War on Ukraine
What the End of Ukraine Gas Transit Means for Kyiv, Moscow, and Europe Carnegie Politika
At 8 a.m. on January 1, 2025, the supply of Russian gas crossing the Ukrainian border on its way to Europe was turned off, ending a sixty-year era. The response to the shutoff was notably calm considering that in 2009, a two-week halt in Russian gas supplies to Europe via Ukraine caused panic and a large-scale crisis. This time around, gas prices in Europe rose slightly, and only Moldova had real problems. But what longer term does it mean for the EU, Ukraine, and Moscow?
Subscribe to our newsletter.
Sign up with your email address to receive news and updates.